29.21.28 problem 604

Internal problem ID [5198]
Book : Ordinary differential equations and their solutions. By George Moseley Murphy. 1960
Section : Various 21
Problem number : 604
Date solved : Sunday, March 30, 2025 at 06:51:43 AM
CAS classification : [_exact, _rational, [_1st_order, `_with_symmetry_[F(x)*G(y),0]`]]

\begin{align*} \left (a^{2}+x^{2}+y^{2}\right ) y^{\prime }+2 x y&=0 \end{align*}

Maple. Time used: 0.003 (sec). Leaf size: 325
ode:=(a^2+x^2+y(x)^2)*diff(y(x),x)+2*x*y(x) = 0; 
dsolve(ode,y(x), singsol=all);
 
\begin{align*} y &= -\frac {2 \left (a^{2}+x^{2}-\frac {\left (-12 c_1 +4 \sqrt {4 a^{6}+12 a^{4} x^{2}+12 a^{2} x^{4}+4 x^{6}+9 c_1^{2}}\right )^{{2}/{3}}}{4}\right )}{\left (-12 c_1 +4 \sqrt {4 a^{6}+12 a^{4} x^{2}+12 a^{2} x^{4}+4 x^{6}+9 c_1^{2}}\right )^{{1}/{3}}} \\ y &= -\frac {\left (\frac {i \sqrt {3}}{4}+\frac {1}{4}\right ) \left (-12 c_1 +4 \sqrt {4 a^{6}+12 a^{4} x^{2}+12 a^{2} x^{4}+4 x^{6}+9 c_1^{2}}\right )^{{2}/{3}}+\left (i \sqrt {3}-1\right ) \left (a^{2}+x^{2}\right )}{\left (-12 c_1 +4 \sqrt {4 a^{6}+12 a^{4} x^{2}+12 a^{2} x^{4}+4 x^{6}+9 c_1^{2}}\right )^{{1}/{3}}} \\ y &= \frac {\frac {\left (i \sqrt {3}-1\right ) \left (-12 c_1 +4 \sqrt {4 a^{6}+12 a^{4} x^{2}+12 a^{2} x^{4}+4 x^{6}+9 c_1^{2}}\right )^{{2}/{3}}}{4}+\left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right ) \left (a^{2}+x^{2}\right )}{\left (-12 c_1 +4 \sqrt {4 a^{6}+12 a^{4} x^{2}+12 a^{2} x^{4}+4 x^{6}+9 c_1^{2}}\right )^{{1}/{3}}} \\ \end{align*}
Mathematica. Time used: 5.316 (sec). Leaf size: 317
ode=(a^2+x^2+y[x]^2)D[y[x],x]+2 x y[x]==0; 
ic={}; 
DSolve[{ode,ic},y[x],x,IncludeSingularSolutions->True]
 
\begin{align*} y(x)\to \frac {\sqrt [3]{2} \left (\sqrt {4 \left (a^2+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1\right ){}^{2/3}-2 a^2-2 x^2}{2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a^2+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1}} \\ y(x)\to \frac {\left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right ) \left (a^2+x^2\right )}{2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a^2+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1}}+\frac {i \left (\sqrt {3}+i\right ) \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a^2+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1}}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}} \\ y(x)\to \frac {\left (1-i \sqrt {3}\right ) \left (a^2+x^2\right )}{2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a^2+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1}}-\frac {i \left (\sqrt {3}-i\right ) \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 \left (a^2+x^2\right )^3+9 c_1{}^2}+3 c_1}}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}} \\ y(x)\to 0 \\ \end{align*}
Sympy. Time used: 29.662 (sec). Leaf size: 236
from sympy import * 
x = symbols("x") 
a = symbols("a") 
y = Function("y") 
ode = Eq(2*x*y(x) + (a**2 + x**2 + y(x)**2)*Derivative(y(x), x),0) 
ics = {} 
dsolve(ode,func=y(x),ics=ics)
 
\[ \left [ y{\left (x \right )} = - \frac {\left (-1 - \sqrt {3} i\right ) \sqrt [3]{3 C_{1} + \sqrt {9 C_{1}^{2} - \left (- a^{2} - x^{2}\right )^{3}}}}{2} - \frac {2 \left (- a^{2} - x^{2}\right )}{\left (-1 - \sqrt {3} i\right ) \sqrt [3]{3 C_{1} + \sqrt {9 C_{1}^{2} - \left (- a^{2} - x^{2}\right )^{3}}}}, \ y{\left (x \right )} = - \frac {\left (-1 + \sqrt {3} i\right ) \sqrt [3]{3 C_{1} + \sqrt {9 C_{1}^{2} - \left (- a^{2} - x^{2}\right )^{3}}}}{2} - \frac {2 \left (- a^{2} - x^{2}\right )}{\left (-1 + \sqrt {3} i\right ) \sqrt [3]{3 C_{1} + \sqrt {9 C_{1}^{2} - \left (- a^{2} - x^{2}\right )^{3}}}}, \ y{\left (x \right )} = - \sqrt [3]{3 C_{1} + \sqrt {9 C_{1}^{2} - \left (- a^{2} - x^{2}\right )^{3}}} - \frac {- a^{2} - x^{2}}{\sqrt [3]{3 C_{1} + \sqrt {9 C_{1}^{2} - \left (- a^{2} - x^{2}\right )^{3}}}}\right ] \]