78.1.21 problem 12.a

Internal problem ID [20947]
Book : A FIRST COURSE IN DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS. By Russell Herman. University of North Carolina Wilmington. LibreText. compiled on 06/09/2025
Section : Chapter 1, First order ODEs. Problems section 1.5
Problem number : 12.a
Date solved : Thursday, October 02, 2025 at 06:50:00 PM
CAS classification : [[_1st_order, _with_linear_symmetries], _rational, _Riccati]

\begin{align*} x y^{\prime }-y^{2}+\left (2 x +1\right ) y&=x^{2}+2 x \end{align*}

✓ Maple. Time used: 0.007 (sec). Leaf size: 22

ode:=x*diff(y(x),x)-y(x)^2+(2*x+1)*y(x) = x^2+2*x; 
dsolve(ode,y(x), singsol=all);
 

\[ y = \frac {c_1 \,x^{2}-x -1}{c_1 x -1} \]

✓ Mathematica. Time used: 0.114 (sec). Leaf size: 34

ode=x*D[y[x],x]-y[x]^2+(2*x+1)*y[x]==x^2+2*x; 
ic={}; 
DSolve[{ode,ic},y[x],x,IncludeSingularSolutions->True]
 

\begin{align*} y(x)&\to \frac {x^2-c_1 x-c_1}{x-c_1}\\ y(x)&\to x+1 \end{align*}

✓ Sympy. Time used: 0.217 (sec). Leaf size: 14

from sympy import * 
x = symbols("x") 
y = Function("y") 
ode = Eq(-x**2 + x*Derivative(y(x), x) - 2*x + (2*x + 1)*y(x) - y(x)**2,0) 
ics = {} 
dsolve(ode,func=y(x),ics=ics)
 

\[ y{\left (x \right )} = \frac {C_{1} x + C_{1} + x^{2}}{C_{1} + x} \]