83.19.6 problem 6

Internal problem ID [19163]
Book : A Text book for differentional equations for postgraduate students by Ray and Chaturvedi. First edition, 1958. BHASKAR press. INDIA
Section : Chapter IV. Equations of the first order but not of the first degree. Exercise IV (B) at page 55
Problem number : 6
Date solved : Monday, March 31, 2025 at 06:50:44 PM
CAS classification : [[_homogeneous, `class A`], _rational, _dAlembert]

\begin{align*} x {y^{\prime }}^{2}+a x&=2 y y^{\prime } \end{align*}

Maple. Time used: 0.082 (sec). Leaf size: 33
ode:=x*diff(y(x),x)^2+a*x = 2*y(x)*diff(y(x),x); 
dsolve(ode,y(x), singsol=all);
 
\begin{align*} y &= \sqrt {a}\, x \\ y &= -\sqrt {a}\, x \\ y &= \frac {\left (\frac {x^{2}}{c_1^{2}}+a \right ) c_1}{2} \\ \end{align*}
Mathematica. Time used: 18.239 (sec). Leaf size: 519
ode=x*D[y[x],x]^2+a*x==2*y[x]*D[y[x],x]; 
ic={}; 
DSolve[{ode,ic},y[x],x,IncludeSingularSolutions->True]
 
\begin{align*} y(x)\to -\frac {\sqrt {a} x \tan (c_1-i \log (x))}{\sqrt {\sec ^2(c_1-i \log (x))}} \\ y(x)\to \frac {\sqrt {a} x \tan (c_1-i \log (x))}{\sqrt {\sec ^2(c_1-i \log (x))}} \\ y(x)\to -\frac {\sqrt {a} x \tan (i \log (x)+c_1)}{\sqrt {\sec ^2(i \log (x)+c_1)}} \\ y(x)\to \frac {\sqrt {a} x \tan (i \log (x)+c_1)}{\sqrt {\sec ^2(i \log (x)+c_1)}} \\ y(x)\to -\sqrt {a} x \\ y(x)\to \sqrt {a} x \\ y(x)\to \frac {i \sqrt {a} \left (e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,2 \pi \}]} \sqrt {\frac {x^2 e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,\pi \}]}}{\left (x^2+e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,\pi \}]}\right )^2}}-x^4 e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,\pi \}]} \sqrt {\frac {x^2 e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,\pi \}]}}{\left (x^2+e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,\pi \}]}\right )^2}}\right )}{2 x} \\ y(x)\to \frac {i \sqrt {a} \left (x^4 e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,\pi \}]} \sqrt {\frac {x^2 e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,\pi \}]}}{\left (x^2+e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,\pi \}]}\right )^2}}-e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,2 \pi \}]} \sqrt {\frac {x^2 e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,\pi \}]}}{\left (x^2+e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,\pi \}]}\right )^2}}\right )}{2 x} \\ y(x)\to \frac {i \sqrt {a} \left (x^4 e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,\pi \}]} \sqrt {\frac {x^2 e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,\pi \}]}}{\left (x^2+e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,\pi \}]}\right )^2}}-e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,2 \pi \}]} \sqrt {\frac {x^2 e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,\pi \}]}}{\left (x^2+e^{2 i \text {Interval}[\{0,\pi \}]}\right )^2}}\right )}{2 x} \\ \end{align*}
Sympy. Time used: 1.920 (sec). Leaf size: 82
from sympy import * 
x = symbols("x") 
a = symbols("a") 
y = Function("y") 
ode = Eq(a*x + x*Derivative(y(x), x)**2 - 2*y(x)*Derivative(y(x), x),0) 
ics = {} 
dsolve(ode,func=y(x),ics=ics)
 
\[ \left [ \log {\left (x \right )} = C_{1} + \begin {cases} - \operatorname {acosh}{\left (\frac {y{\left (x \right )}}{\sqrt {a} x} \right )} & \text {for}\: \left |{\frac {y^{2}{\left (x \right )}}{a x^{2}}}\right | > 1 \\i \operatorname {asin}{\left (\frac {y{\left (x \right )}}{\sqrt {a} x} \right )} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}, \ \log {\left (x \right )} = C_{1} + \begin {cases} \operatorname {acosh}{\left (\frac {y{\left (x \right )}}{\sqrt {a} x} \right )} & \text {for}\: \left |{\frac {y^{2}{\left (x \right )}}{a x^{2}}}\right | > 1 \\- i \operatorname {asin}{\left (\frac {y{\left (x \right )}}{\sqrt {a} x} \right )} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}\right ] \]