61.11.2 problem 28

Internal problem ID [12123]
Book : Handbook of exact solutions for ordinary differential equations. By Polyanin and Zaitsev. Second edition
Section : Chapter 1, section 1.2. Riccati Equation. subsection 1.2.6-3. Equations with tangent.
Problem number : 28
Date solved : Sunday, March 30, 2025 at 10:59:53 PM
CAS classification : [_Riccati]

\begin{align*} y^{\prime }&=y^{2}+\lambda ^{2}+3 a \lambda +a \left (\lambda -a \right ) \tan \left (\lambda x \right )^{2} \end{align*}

Maple. Time used: 0.078 (sec). Leaf size: 200
ode:=diff(y(x),x) = y(x)^2+lambda^2+3*a*lambda+a*(lambda-a)*tan(lambda*x)^2; 
dsolve(ode,y(x), singsol=all);
 
\[ y = -\frac {\sec \left (\lambda x \right ) \left (-2 \operatorname {LegendreP}\left (\frac {2 a +3 \lambda }{2 \lambda }, \frac {2 a -\lambda }{2 \lambda }, \sin \left (\lambda x \right )\right ) \lambda -2 \operatorname {LegendreQ}\left (\frac {2 a +3 \lambda }{2 \lambda }, \frac {2 a -\lambda }{2 \lambda }, \sin \left (\lambda x \right )\right ) c_1 \lambda +\sin \left (\lambda x \right ) \left (\operatorname {LegendreQ}\left (\frac {2 a +\lambda }{2 \lambda }, \frac {2 a -\lambda }{2 \lambda }, \sin \left (\lambda x \right )\right ) c_1 +\operatorname {LegendreP}\left (\frac {2 a +\lambda }{2 \lambda }, \frac {2 a -\lambda }{2 \lambda }, \sin \left (\lambda x \right )\right )\right ) \left (a +\lambda \right )\right )}{\operatorname {LegendreQ}\left (\frac {2 a +\lambda }{2 \lambda }, \frac {2 a -\lambda }{2 \lambda }, \sin \left (\lambda x \right )\right ) c_1 +\operatorname {LegendreP}\left (\frac {2 a +\lambda }{2 \lambda }, \frac {2 a -\lambda }{2 \lambda }, \sin \left (\lambda x \right )\right )} \]
Mathematica. Time used: 9.997 (sec). Leaf size: 319
ode=D[y[x],x]==y[x]^2+\[Lambda]^2+3*a*\[Lambda]+a*(\[Lambda]-a)*Tan[\[Lambda]*x]^2; 
ic={}; 
DSolve[{ode,ic},y[x],x,IncludeSingularSolutions->True]
 
\begin{align*} y(x)\to -\frac {\sin ^{-\frac {a+\lambda }{\lambda }}(2 \lambda x) e^{-\frac {a \text {arctanh}(\cos (2 \lambda x))}{\lambda }} \left (c_1 \sin ^{\frac {a}{\lambda }}(2 \lambda x) ((a+\lambda ) \cos (2 \lambda x)-a+\lambda ) e^{\frac {a \text {arctanh}(\cos (2 \lambda x))}{\lambda }} \int _1^xe^{-\frac {(a-\lambda ) \text {arctanh}(\cos (2 \lambda K[1]))}{\lambda }} \sin ^{-\frac {a+\lambda }{\lambda }}(2 \lambda K[1])dK[1]+\sin ^{\frac {a}{\lambda }}(2 \lambda x) ((a+\lambda ) \cos (2 \lambda x)-a+\lambda ) e^{\frac {a \text {arctanh}(\cos (2 \lambda x))}{\lambda }}+c_1 e^{\text {arctanh}(\cos (2 \lambda x))}\right )}{1+c_1 \int _1^xe^{-\frac {(a-\lambda ) \text {arctanh}(\cos (2 \lambda K[1]))}{\lambda }} \sin ^{-\frac {a+\lambda }{\lambda }}(2 \lambda K[1])dK[1]} \\ y(x)\to \csc (2 \lambda x) \left (-\frac {\sin ^{-\frac {a}{\lambda }}(2 \lambda x) e^{-\frac {(a-\lambda ) \text {arctanh}(\cos (2 \lambda x))}{\lambda }}}{\int _1^xe^{-\frac {(a-\lambda ) \text {arctanh}(\cos (2 \lambda K[1]))}{\lambda }} \sin ^{-\frac {a+\lambda }{\lambda }}(2 \lambda K[1])dK[1]}-(a+\lambda ) \cos (2 \lambda x)+a-\lambda \right ) \\ \end{align*}
Sympy
from sympy import * 
x = symbols("x") 
a = symbols("a") 
lambda_ = symbols("lambda_") 
y = Function("y") 
ode = Eq(-3*a*lambda_ - a*(-a + lambda_)*tan(lambda_*x)**2 - lambda_**2 - y(x)**2 + Derivative(y(x), x),0) 
ics = {} 
dsolve(ode,func=y(x),ics=ics)
 
NotImplementedError : The given ODE a**2*tan(lambda_*x)**2 - a*lambda_*tan(lambda_*x)**2 - 3*a*lambda_ - lambda_**2 - y(x)**2 + Derivative(y(x), x) cannot be solved by the factorable group method