89.3.17 problem 17

Internal problem ID [24315]
Book : A short course in Differential Equations. Earl D. Rainville. Second edition. 1958. Macmillan Publisher, NY. CAT 58-5010
Section : Chapter 2. Equations of the first order and first degree. Exercises at page 34
Problem number : 17
Date solved : Thursday, October 02, 2025 at 10:17:38 PM
CAS classification : [[_homogeneous, `class A`], _exact, _rational, _dAlembert]

\begin{align*} 2 y x +\left (x^{2}+y^{2}\right ) y^{\prime }&=0 \end{align*}
Maple. Time used: 0.013 (sec). Leaf size: 209
ode:=2*x*y(x)+(x^2+y(x)^2)*diff(y(x),x) = 0; 
dsolve(ode,y(x), singsol=all);
 
\begin{align*} y &= -\frac {2 \left (c_1 \,x^{2}-\frac {\left (4+4 \sqrt {4 x^{6} c_1^{3}+1}\right )^{{2}/{3}}}{4}\right )}{\sqrt {c_1}\, \left (4+4 \sqrt {4 x^{6} c_1^{3}+1}\right )^{{1}/{3}}} \\ y &= -\frac {\left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right ) \left (4+4 \sqrt {4 x^{6} c_1^{3}+1}\right )^{{1}/{3}}}{4 \sqrt {c_1}}-\frac {\left (i \sqrt {3}-1\right ) \sqrt {c_1}\, x^{2}}{\left (4+4 \sqrt {4 x^{6} c_1^{3}+1}\right )^{{1}/{3}}} \\ y &= \frac {4 i \sqrt {3}\, c_1 \,x^{2}+i \left (4+4 \sqrt {4 x^{6} c_1^{3}+1}\right )^{{2}/{3}} \sqrt {3}+4 c_1 \,x^{2}-\left (4+4 \sqrt {4 x^{6} c_1^{3}+1}\right )^{{2}/{3}}}{4 \left (4+4 \sqrt {4 x^{6} c_1^{3}+1}\right )^{{1}/{3}} \sqrt {c_1}} \\ \end{align*}
Mathematica. Time used: 18.02 (sec). Leaf size: 404
ode=( 2*x*y[x] )+ ( y[x]^2+x^2 )*D[y[x],x]==0; 
ic={}; 
DSolve[{ode,ic},y[x],x,IncludeSingularSolutions->True]
 
\begin{align*} y(x)&\to \frac {\sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 x^6+e^{6 c_1}}+e^{3 c_1}}}{\sqrt [3]{2}}-\frac {\sqrt [3]{2} x^2}{\sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 x^6+e^{6 c_1}}+e^{3 c_1}}}\\ y(x)&\to \frac {i 2^{2/3} \left (\sqrt {3}+i\right ) \left (\sqrt {4 x^6+e^{6 c_1}}+e^{3 c_1}\right ){}^{2/3}+\sqrt [3]{2} \left (2+2 i \sqrt {3}\right ) x^2}{4 \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 x^6+e^{6 c_1}}+e^{3 c_1}}}\\ y(x)&\to \frac {\left (1-i \sqrt {3}\right ) x^2}{2^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 x^6+e^{6 c_1}}+e^{3 c_1}}}-\frac {\left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right ) \sqrt [3]{\sqrt {4 x^6+e^{6 c_1}}+e^{3 c_1}}}{2 \sqrt [3]{2}}\\ y(x)&\to 0\\ y(x)&\to \frac {i \left (\sqrt {3}+i\right ) \sqrt [3]{x^6}+\left (1+i \sqrt {3}\right ) x^2}{2 \sqrt [6]{x^6}}\\ y(x)&\to \frac {1}{2} \sqrt [6]{x^6} \left (\frac {\left (1-i \sqrt {3}\right ) \left (x^6\right )^{2/3}}{x^4}-i \sqrt {3}-1\right )\\ y(x)&\to \sqrt [6]{x^6}-\frac {\left (x^6\right )^{5/6}}{x^4} \end{align*}
Sympy
from sympy import * 
x = symbols("x") 
y = Function("y") 
ode = Eq(2*x*y(x) + (x**2 + y(x)**2)*Derivative(y(x), x),0) 
ics = {} 
dsolve(ode,func=y(x),ics=ics)
 
Timed Out