80.7.28 problem C 6

Internal problem ID [21347]
Book : A Textbook on Ordinary Differential Equations by Shair Ahmad and Antonio Ambrosetti. Second edition. ISBN 978-3-319-16407-6. Springer 2015
Section : Chapter 7. System of first order equations. Excercise 7.6 at page 162
Problem number : C 6
Date solved : Thursday, October 02, 2025 at 07:28:40 PM
CAS classification : [[_3rd_order, _missing_x]]

\begin{align*} x^{\prime \prime \prime }-2 x^{\prime \prime }+3 x^{\prime }+x&=0 \end{align*}
Maple. Time used: 0.003 (sec). Leaf size: 149
ode:=diff(diff(diff(x(t),t),t),t)-2*diff(diff(x(t),t),t)+3*diff(x(t),t)+x(t) = 0; 
dsolve(ode,x(t), singsol=all);
 
\[ x = {\mathrm e}^{\frac {\left (\left (260+60 \sqrt {21}\right )^{{1}/{3}}+10\right ) \left (\left (260+60 \sqrt {21}\right )^{{1}/{3}}-2\right ) t}{12 \left (260+60 \sqrt {21}\right )^{{1}/{3}}}} \left (\sin \left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \left (\left (260+60 \sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {7}\right )^{{2}/{3}}+20\right ) t}{12 \left (260+60 \sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {7}\right )^{{1}/{3}}}\right ) c_2 +\cos \left (\frac {\sqrt {3}\, \left (\left (260+60 \sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {7}\right )^{{2}/{3}}+20\right ) t}{12 \left (260+60 \sqrt {3}\, \sqrt {7}\right )^{{1}/{3}}}\right ) c_3 \right )+c_1 \,{\mathrm e}^{-\frac {\left (\left (260+60 \sqrt {21}\right )^{{2}/{3}}-4 \left (260+60 \sqrt {21}\right )^{{1}/{3}}-20\right ) t}{6 \left (260+60 \sqrt {21}\right )^{{1}/{3}}}} \]
Mathematica. Time used: 0.005 (sec). Leaf size: 87
ode=D[x[t],{t,3}]-2*D[x[t],{t,2}]+3*D[x[t],t]+x[t]==0; 
ic={}; 
DSolve[{ode,ic},x[t],t,IncludeSingularSolutions->True]
 
\begin{align*} x(t)&\to c_1 \exp \left (t \text {Root}\left [\text {$\#$1}^3-2 \text {$\#$1}^2+3 \text {$\#$1}+1\&,1\right ]\right )+c_2 \exp \left (t \text {Root}\left [\text {$\#$1}^3-2 \text {$\#$1}^2+3 \text {$\#$1}+1\&,2\right ]\right )+c_3 \exp \left (t \text {Root}\left [\text {$\#$1}^3-2 \text {$\#$1}^2+3 \text {$\#$1}+1\&,3\right ]\right ) \end{align*}
Sympy. Time used: 0.383 (sec). Leaf size: 267
from sympy import * 
t = symbols("t") 
x = Function("x") 
ode = Eq(x(t) + 3*Derivative(x(t), t) - 2*Derivative(x(t), (t, 2)) + Derivative(x(t), (t, 3)),0) 
ics = {} 
dsolve(ode,func=x(t),ics=ics)
 
\[ x{\left (t \right )} = C_{1} e^{\frac {t \left (- \frac {2 \sqrt [3]{2} \cdot 5^{\frac {2}{3}}}{\sqrt [3]{13 + 3 \sqrt {21}}} + 8 + 2^{\frac {2}{3}} \sqrt [3]{5} \sqrt [3]{13 + 3 \sqrt {21}}\right )}{12}} \sin {\left (\frac {\sqrt [3]{10} \sqrt {3} t \left (\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{5}}{\sqrt [3]{13 + 3 \sqrt {21}}} + \sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{13 + 3 \sqrt {21}}\right )}{12} \right )} + C_{2} e^{\frac {t \left (- \frac {2 \sqrt [3]{2} \cdot 5^{\frac {2}{3}}}{\sqrt [3]{13 + 3 \sqrt {21}}} + 8 + 2^{\frac {2}{3}} \sqrt [3]{5} \sqrt [3]{13 + 3 \sqrt {21}}\right )}{12}} \cos {\left (\frac {\sqrt [3]{10} \sqrt {3} t \left (\frac {2 \sqrt [3]{5}}{\sqrt [3]{13 + 3 \sqrt {21}}} + \sqrt [3]{2} \sqrt [3]{13 + 3 \sqrt {21}}\right )}{12} \right )} + C_{3} e^{\frac {t \left (- 2^{\frac {2}{3}} \sqrt [3]{5} \sqrt [3]{13 + 3 \sqrt {21}} + \frac {2 \sqrt [3]{2} \cdot 5^{\frac {2}{3}}}{\sqrt [3]{13 + 3 \sqrt {21}}} + 4\right )}{6}} \]