76.15.4 problem Ex. 4

Internal problem ID [20099]
Book : Introductory Course On Differential Equations by Daniel A Murray. Longmans Green and Co. NY. 1924
Section : Chapter III. Equations of the first order but not of the first degree. Problems at page 35
Problem number : Ex. 4
Date solved : Thursday, October 02, 2025 at 05:25:44 PM
CAS classification : [_quadrature]

\begin{align*} y^{2}&=a^{2} \left (1+{y^{\prime }}^{2}\right ) \end{align*}
Maple. Time used: 0.052 (sec). Leaf size: 73
ode:=y(x)^2 = a^2*(1+diff(y(x),x)^2); 
dsolve(ode,y(x), singsol=all);
 
\begin{align*} y &= -a \\ y &= a \\ y &= \frac {{\mathrm e}^{\frac {c_1 -x}{a}} a^{2}}{2}+\frac {{\mathrm e}^{\frac {-c_1 +x}{a}}}{2} \\ y &= \frac {{\mathrm e}^{\frac {c_1 -x}{a}}}{2}+\frac {{\mathrm e}^{\frac {-c_1 +x}{a}} a^{2}}{2} \\ \end{align*}
Mathematica. Time used: 23.98 (sec). Leaf size: 82
ode=y[x]^2==a^2*(1+D[y[x],x]^2); 
ic={}; 
DSolve[{ode,ic},y[x],x,IncludeSingularSolutions->True]
 
\begin{align*} y(x)&\to \frac {a \tanh \left (\frac {x}{a}-c_1\right )}{\sqrt {-\text {sech}^2\left (\frac {x}{a}-c_1\right )}}\\ y(x)&\to -\frac {a \tanh \left (\frac {x}{a}+c_1\right )}{\sqrt {-\text {sech}^2\left (\frac {x}{a}+c_1\right )}}\\ y(x)&\to -a\\ y(x)&\to a \end{align*}
Sympy. Time used: 2.673 (sec). Leaf size: 97
from sympy import * 
x = symbols("x") 
a = symbols("a") 
y = Function("y") 
ode = Eq(-a**2*(Derivative(y(x), x)**2 + 1) + y(x)**2,0) 
ics = {} 
dsolve(ode,func=y(x),ics=ics)
 
\[ \left [ y{\left (x \right )} = \begin {cases} a^{2} e^{- C_{1} + \frac {x}{a}} + \frac {e^{C_{1} - \frac {x}{a}}}{4} & \text {for}\: a^{2} \neq 0 \\\text {NaN} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}, \ y{\left (x \right )} = \begin {cases} C_{1} e^{\frac {x}{a}} & \text {for}\: a^{2} = 0 \\\text {NaN} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}, \ y{\left (x \right )} = \begin {cases} C_{1} e^{- \frac {x}{a}} & \text {for}\: a^{2} = 0 \\\text {NaN} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}, \ y{\left (x \right )} = \begin {cases} a^{2} e^{- C_{1} - \frac {x}{a}} + \frac {e^{C_{1} + \frac {x}{a}}}{4} & \text {for}\: a^{2} \neq 0 \\\text {NaN} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}, \ y{\left (x \right )} = \begin {cases} C_{1} e^{- \frac {x}{a}} & \text {for}\: a^{2} = 0 \\\text {NaN} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}, \ y{\left (x \right )} = \begin {cases} C_{1} e^{\frac {x}{a}} & \text {for}\: a^{2} = 0 \\\text {NaN} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}\right ] \]