82.15.4 problem Ex. 4

Internal problem ID [18735]
Book : Introductory Course On Differential Equations by Daniel A Murray. Longmans Green and Co. NY. 1924
Section : Chapter III. Equations of the first order but not of the first degree. Problems at page 35
Problem number : Ex. 4
Date solved : Thursday, March 13, 2025 at 12:44:45 PM
CAS classification : [_quadrature]

\begin{align*} y^{2}&=a^{2} \left (1+{y^{\prime }}^{2}\right ) \end{align*}

Maple. Time used: 0.021 (sec). Leaf size: 73
ode:=y(x)^2 = a^2*(1+diff(y(x),x)^2); 
dsolve(ode,y(x), singsol=all);
 
\begin{align*} y \left (x \right ) &= -a \\ y \left (x \right ) &= a \\ y \left (x \right ) &= \frac {a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{\frac {-x +c_{1}}{a}}}{2}+\frac {{\mathrm e}^{\frac {-c_{1} +x}{a}}}{2} \\ y \left (x \right ) &= \frac {{\mathrm e}^{\frac {-x +c_{1}}{a}}}{2}+\frac {a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{\frac {-c_{1} +x}{a}}}{2} \\ \end{align*}
Mathematica. Time used: 0.353 (sec). Leaf size: 86
ode=y[x]^2==a^2*(1+D[y[x],x]^2); 
ic={}; 
DSolve[{ode,ic},y[x],x,IncludeSingularSolutions->True]
 
\begin{align*} y(x)\to \frac {1}{2} \left (a^2 e^{\frac {x}{a}-c_1}+e^{-\frac {x}{a}+c_1}\right ) \\ y(x)\to \frac {1}{2} e^{-\frac {x+a c_1}{a}} \left (a^2+e^{2 \left (\frac {x}{a}+c_1\right )}\right ) \\ y(x)\to -a \\ y(x)\to a \\ \end{align*}
Sympy. Time used: 4.226 (sec). Leaf size: 97
from sympy import * 
x = symbols("x") 
a = symbols("a") 
y = Function("y") 
ode = Eq(-a**2*(Derivative(y(x), x)**2 + 1) + y(x)**2,0) 
ics = {} 
dsolve(ode,func=y(x),ics=ics)
 
\[ \left [ y{\left (x \right )} = \begin {cases} a^{2} e^{- C_{1} + \frac {x}{a}} + \frac {e^{C_{1} - \frac {x}{a}}}{4} & \text {for}\: a^{2} \neq 0 \\\text {NaN} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}, \ y{\left (x \right )} = \begin {cases} C_{1} e^{\frac {x}{a}} & \text {for}\: a^{2} = 0 \\\text {NaN} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}, \ y{\left (x \right )} = \begin {cases} C_{1} e^{- \frac {x}{a}} & \text {for}\: a^{2} = 0 \\\text {NaN} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}, \ y{\left (x \right )} = \begin {cases} a^{2} e^{- C_{1} - \frac {x}{a}} + \frac {e^{C_{1} + \frac {x}{a}}}{4} & \text {for}\: a^{2} \neq 0 \\\text {NaN} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}, \ y{\left (x \right )} = \begin {cases} C_{1} e^{- \frac {x}{a}} & \text {for}\: a^{2} = 0 \\\text {NaN} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}, \ y{\left (x \right )} = \begin {cases} C_{1} e^{\frac {x}{a}} & \text {for}\: a^{2} = 0 \\\text {NaN} & \text {otherwise} \end {cases}\right ] \]