Optimal. Leaf size=163 \[ \frac {\sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}{3 x^3}-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}{\sqrt {2} \left (x^3+1\right )}\right )}{\sqrt {2}}+\frac {1}{3} \sqrt {4+3 \sqrt {2}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {3 \sqrt {2}-4} \sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}{x^3+1}\right )-\frac {1}{3} \sqrt {3 \sqrt {2}-4} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {4+3 \sqrt {2}} \sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}{x^3+1}\right ) \]
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Rubi [A] time = 0.96, antiderivative size = 224, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.37, number of steps used = 26, number of rules used = 13, integrand size = 35, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.371, Rules used = {6728, 1357, 732, 843, 621, 206, 724, 204, 734, 6715, 1019, 1076, 1032} \begin {gather*} \frac {\sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}{3 x^3}+\frac {1}{3} \sqrt {2} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {x^3+4}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}\right )-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {x^3+4}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}\right )}{6 \sqrt {2}}-\frac {\left (1+\sqrt {2}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {-\left (\left (1-2 \sqrt {2}\right ) x^3\right )-\sqrt {2}+5}{2 \sqrt [4]{2} \sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}\right )}{3\ 2^{3/4}}-\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {2}\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {-\left (\left (1+2 \sqrt {2}\right ) x^3\right )+\sqrt {2}+5}{2 \sqrt [4]{2} \sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}\right )}{3\ 2^{3/4}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 204
Rule 206
Rule 621
Rule 724
Rule 732
Rule 734
Rule 843
Rule 1019
Rule 1032
Rule 1076
Rule 1357
Rule 6715
Rule 6728
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {\left (1+x^3\right ) \sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}{x^4 \left (-1-2 x^3+x^6\right )} \, dx &=\int \left (-\frac {\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}{x^4}+\frac {\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}{x}-\frac {x^2 \left (-3+x^3\right ) \sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}{-1-2 x^3+x^6}\right ) \, dx\\ &=-\int \frac {\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}{x^4} \, dx+\int \frac {\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}{x} \, dx-\int \frac {x^2 \left (-3+x^3\right ) \sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}{-1-2 x^3+x^6} \, dx\\ &=-\left (\frac {1}{3} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\sqrt {-2-x+x^2}}{x^2} \, dx,x,x^3\right )\right )+\frac {1}{3} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\sqrt {-2-x+x^2}}{x} \, dx,x,x^3\right )-\frac {1}{3} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {(-3+x) \sqrt {-2-x+x^2}}{-1-2 x+x^2} \, dx,x,x^3\right )\\ &=\frac {\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}{3 x^3}-\frac {1}{6} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {4+x}{x \sqrt {-2-x+x^2}} \, dx,x,x^3\right )-\frac {1}{6} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {-1+2 x}{x \sqrt {-2-x+x^2}} \, dx,x,x^3\right )+\frac {1}{3} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {-\frac {11}{2}-x+\frac {3 x^2}{2}}{\left (-1-2 x+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-2-x+x^2}} \, dx,x,x^3\right )\\ &=\frac {\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}{3 x^3}-\frac {1}{6} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-2-x+x^2}} \, dx,x,x^3\right )+\frac {1}{6} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{x \sqrt {-2-x+x^2}} \, dx,x,x^3\right )-\frac {1}{3} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-2-x+x^2}} \, dx,x,x^3\right )+\frac {1}{3} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {-4+2 x}{\left (-1-2 x+x^2\right ) \sqrt {-2-x+x^2}} \, dx,x,x^3\right )+\frac {1}{2} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {-2-x+x^2}} \, dx,x,x^3\right )-\frac {2}{3} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{x \sqrt {-2-x+x^2}} \, dx,x,x^3\right )\\ &=\frac {\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}{3 x^3}-\frac {1}{3} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-8-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {-4-x^3}{\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )-\frac {1}{3} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{4-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {-1+2 x^3}{\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )-\frac {2}{3} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{4-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {-1+2 x^3}{\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )+\frac {4}{3} \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-8-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {-4-x^3}{\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )+\frac {1}{3} \left (2-\sqrt {2}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-2-2 \sqrt {2}+2 x\right ) \sqrt {-2-x+x^2}} \, dx,x,x^3\right )+\frac {1}{3} \left (2+\sqrt {2}\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (-2+2 \sqrt {2}+2 x\right ) \sqrt {-2-x+x^2}} \, dx,x,x^3\right )+\operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{4-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {-1+2 x^3}{\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )\\ &=\frac {\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}{3 x^3}-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {4+x^3}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )}{6 \sqrt {2}}+\frac {1}{3} \sqrt {2} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {4+x^3}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )+\frac {1}{2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {1-2 x^3}{2 \sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )+\frac {1}{2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {-1+2 x^3}{2 \sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )-\frac {1}{3} \left (2 \left (2-\sqrt {2}\right )\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-32+8 \left (-2-2 \sqrt {2}\right )+4 \left (-2-2 \sqrt {2}\right )^2-x^2} \, dx,x,-\frac {2 \left (5+\sqrt {2}+\left (1-2 \left (1+\sqrt {2}\right )\right ) x^3\right )}{\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )-\frac {1}{3} \left (2 \left (2+\sqrt {2}\right )\right ) \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-32+8 \left (-2+2 \sqrt {2}\right )+4 \left (-2+2 \sqrt {2}\right )^2-x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {2 \left (-5+\sqrt {2}+\left (-1-2 \left (-1+\sqrt {2}\right )\right ) x^3\right )}{\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )\\ &=\frac {\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}{3 x^3}-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {4+x^3}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )}{6 \sqrt {2}}+\frac {1}{3} \sqrt {2} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {4+x^3}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )-\frac {\left (1+\sqrt {2}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {5-\sqrt {2}-\left (1-2 \sqrt {2}\right ) x^3}{2 \sqrt [4]{2} \sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )}{3\ 2^{3/4}}+\frac {1}{2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {1-2 x^3}{2 \sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )+\frac {1}{2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {-1+2 x^3}{2 \sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )-\frac {\left (1-\sqrt {2}\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {5+\sqrt {2}-\left (1+2 \sqrt {2}\right ) x^3}{2 \sqrt [4]{2} \sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}\right )}{3\ 2^{3/4}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A] time = 0.34, size = 326, normalized size = 2.00 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{12} \left (\frac {4 \sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}{x^3}+3 \sqrt {2} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {x^3+4}{2 \sqrt {2} \sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}\right )-2\ 2^{3/4} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {2}-1\right ) x^3-\sqrt {2}+5}{2 \sqrt [4]{2} \sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}\right )-2 \sqrt [4]{2} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {2}-1\right ) x^3-\sqrt {2}+5}{2 \sqrt [4]{2} \sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}\right )-6 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {1-2 x^3}{2 \sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}\right )-6 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {2 x^3-1}{2 \sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}\right )+2\ 2^{3/4} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {-\left (\left (1+2 \sqrt {2}\right ) x^3\right )+\sqrt {2}+5}{2 \sqrt [4]{2} \sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}\right )-2 \sqrt [4]{2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {-\left (\left (1+2 \sqrt {2}\right ) x^3\right )+\sqrt {2}+5}{2 \sqrt [4]{2} \sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}\right )\right ) \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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IntegrateAlgebraic [A] time = 0.55, size = 162, normalized size = 0.99 \begin {gather*} \frac {\sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}{3 x^3}+\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}{-2+x^3}\right )}{\sqrt {2}}-\frac {1}{3} \sqrt {4+3 \sqrt {2}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2+\frac {3}{\sqrt {2}}} \sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}{-2+x^3}\right )-\frac {1}{3} \sqrt {-4+3 \sqrt {2}} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-2+\frac {3}{\sqrt {2}}} \sqrt {-2-x^3+x^6}}{-2+x^3}\right ) \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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fricas [B] time = 0.54, size = 289, normalized size = 1.77 \begin {gather*} -\frac {3 \, \sqrt {2} x^{3} \arctan \left (-\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {2} x^{3} + \frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {2} \sqrt {x^{6} - x^{3} - 2}\right ) - 4 \, x^{3} \sqrt {3 \, \sqrt {2} + 4} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {2 \, x^{6} - 3 \, x^{3} + \sqrt {2} {\left (2 \, x^{3} - 1\right )} - 2 \, \sqrt {x^{6} - x^{3} - 2} {\left (x^{3} + \sqrt {2} - 1\right )} + 1} \sqrt {3 \, \sqrt {2} + 4} {\left (\sqrt {2} - 2\right )} - \frac {1}{2} \, {\left (2 \, x^{3} - \sqrt {2} {\left (x^{3} - 3\right )} + \sqrt {x^{6} - x^{3} - 2} {\left (\sqrt {2} - 2\right )} - 4\right )} \sqrt {3 \, \sqrt {2} + 4}\right ) + x^{3} \sqrt {3 \, \sqrt {2} - 4} \log \left (-x^{3} + \sqrt {3 \, \sqrt {2} - 4} {\left (\sqrt {2} + 1\right )} + \sqrt {2} + \sqrt {x^{6} - x^{3} - 2} + 1\right ) - x^{3} \sqrt {3 \, \sqrt {2} - 4} \log \left (-x^{3} - \sqrt {3 \, \sqrt {2} - 4} {\left (\sqrt {2} + 1\right )} + \sqrt {2} + \sqrt {x^{6} - x^{3} - 2} + 1\right ) - 2 \, x^{3} - 2 \, \sqrt {x^{6} - x^{3} - 2}}{6 \, x^{3}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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giac [F(-2)] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Exception raised: AttributeError} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maple [F] time = 0.02, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \[\int \frac {\left (x^{3}+1\right ) \sqrt {x^{6}-x^{3}-2}}{x^{4} \left (x^{6}-2 x^{3}-1\right )}\, dx\]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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maxima [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\sqrt {x^{6} - x^{3} - 2} {\left (x^{3} + 1\right )}}{{\left (x^{6} - 2 \, x^{3} - 1\right )} x^{4}}\,{d x} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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mupad [F] time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.01 \begin {gather*} \int -\frac {\left (x^3+1\right )\,\sqrt {x^6-x^3-2}}{x^4\,\left (-x^6+2\,x^3+1\right )} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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sympy [F(-1)] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Timed out} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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