Optimal. Leaf size=75 \[ -\frac {1}{2} a^3 \csc ^{-1}(a x)+\frac {a^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}}}{2 x}-\frac {1}{3} a^3 \left (1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}\right )^{3/2}+a^3 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}} \]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Rubi [A] time = 0.06, antiderivative size = 75, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 7, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 10, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.500, Rules used = {6169, 797, 641, 195, 216} \[ -\frac {1}{3} a^3 \left (1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}\right )^{3/2}+a^3 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}}+\frac {a^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}}}{2 x}-\frac {1}{2} a^3 \csc ^{-1}(a x) \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
Rule 195
Rule 216
Rule 641
Rule 797
Rule 6169
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {e^{\coth ^{-1}(a x)}}{x^4} \, dx &=-\operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2 \left (1+\frac {x}{a}\right )}{\sqrt {1-\frac {x^2}{a^2}}} \, dx,x,\frac {1}{x}\right )\\ &=-\left (a^2 \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1+\frac {x}{a}}{\sqrt {1-\frac {x^2}{a^2}}} \, dx,x,\frac {1}{x}\right )\right )+a^2 \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \left (1+\frac {x}{a}\right ) \sqrt {1-\frac {x^2}{a^2}} \, dx,x,\frac {1}{x}\right )\\ &=a^3 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}}-\frac {1}{3} a^3 \left (1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}\right )^{3/2}-a^2 \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1-\frac {x^2}{a^2}}} \, dx,x,\frac {1}{x}\right )+a^2 \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \sqrt {1-\frac {x^2}{a^2}} \, dx,x,\frac {1}{x}\right )\\ &=a^3 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}}-\frac {1}{3} a^3 \left (1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}\right )^{3/2}+\frac {a^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}}}{2 x}-a^3 \csc ^{-1}(a x)+\frac {1}{2} a^2 \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1-\frac {x^2}{a^2}}} \, dx,x,\frac {1}{x}\right )\\ &=a^3 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}}-\frac {1}{3} a^3 \left (1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}\right )^{3/2}+\frac {a^2 \sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}}}{2 x}-\frac {1}{2} a^3 \csc ^{-1}(a x)\\ \end {align*}
________________________________________________________________________________________
Mathematica [A] time = 0.09, size = 51, normalized size = 0.68 \[ \frac {1}{6} a \left (\frac {\sqrt {1-\frac {1}{a^2 x^2}} \left (4 a^2 x^2+3 a x+2\right )}{x^2}-3 a^2 \sin ^{-1}\left (\frac {1}{a x}\right )\right ) \]
Warning: Unable to verify antiderivative.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
fricas [A] time = 0.51, size = 68, normalized size = 0.91 \[ \frac {6 \, a^{3} x^{3} \arctan \left (\sqrt {\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}}\right ) + {\left (4 \, a^{3} x^{3} + 7 \, a^{2} x^{2} + 5 \, a x + 2\right )} \sqrt {\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}}}{6 \, x^{3}} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
giac [B] time = 0.15, size = 130, normalized size = 1.73 \[ \frac {1}{3} \, {\left (3 \, a^{2} \arctan \left (\sqrt {\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}}\right ) + \frac {\frac {4 \, {\left (a x - 1\right )} a^{2} \sqrt {\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}}}{a x + 1} + \frac {3 \, {\left (a x - 1\right )}^{2} a^{2} \sqrt {\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}}}{{\left (a x + 1\right )}^{2}} + 9 \, a^{2} \sqrt {\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}}}{{\left (\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1} + 1\right )}^{3}}\right )} a \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
maple [B] time = 0.06, size = 284, normalized size = 3.79 \[ -\frac {\left (a x -1\right ) \left (-6 \sqrt {a^{2} x^{2}-1}\, \sqrt {a^{2}}\, x^{4} a^{4}+6 \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {a^{2}}\, x^{2} a^{2}+3 \sqrt {a^{2} x^{2}-1}\, \sqrt {a^{2}}\, x^{3} a^{3}+3 a^{3} x^{3} \sqrt {a^{2}}\, \arctan \left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {a^{2} x^{2}-1}}\right )+6 \ln \left (\frac {a^{2} x +\sqrt {a^{2} x^{2}-1}\, \sqrt {a^{2}}}{\sqrt {a^{2}}}\right ) x^{3} a^{4}-6 \sqrt {a^{2}}\, \sqrt {\left (a x -1\right ) \left (a x +1\right )}\, x^{3} a^{3}-6 \ln \left (\frac {a^{2} x +\sqrt {\left (a x -1\right ) \left (a x +1\right )}\, \sqrt {a^{2}}}{\sqrt {a^{2}}}\right ) x^{3} a^{4}+3 \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {a^{2}}\, x a +2 \left (a^{2} x^{2}-1\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} \sqrt {a^{2}}\right )}{6 \sqrt {\frac {a x -1}{a x +1}}\, \sqrt {\left (a x -1\right ) \left (a x +1\right )}\, x^{3} \sqrt {a^{2}}} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
maxima [B] time = 0.42, size = 136, normalized size = 1.81 \[ \frac {1}{3} \, {\left (3 \, a^{2} \arctan \left (\sqrt {\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}}\right ) + \frac {3 \, a^{2} \left (\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}\right )^{\frac {5}{2}} + 4 \, a^{2} \left (\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}\right )^{\frac {3}{2}} + 9 \, a^{2} \sqrt {\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}}}{\frac {3 \, {\left (a x - 1\right )}}{a x + 1} + \frac {3 \, {\left (a x - 1\right )}^{2}}{{\left (a x + 1\right )}^{2}} + \frac {{\left (a x - 1\right )}^{3}}{{\left (a x + 1\right )}^{3}} + 1}\right )} a \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
mupad [B] time = 0.06, size = 105, normalized size = 1.40 \[ \frac {2\,a^3\,\sqrt {\frac {a\,x-1}{a\,x+1}}}{3}+\frac {\sqrt {\frac {a\,x-1}{a\,x+1}}}{3\,x^3}+a^3\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\sqrt {\frac {a\,x-1}{a\,x+1}}\right )+\frac {7\,a^2\,\sqrt {\frac {a\,x-1}{a\,x+1}}}{6\,x}+\frac {5\,a\,\sqrt {\frac {a\,x-1}{a\,x+1}}}{6\,x^2} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
sympy [F] time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \[ \int \frac {1}{x^{4} \sqrt {\frac {a x - 1}{a x + 1}}}\, dx \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________