3.8 \(\int \frac {1}{c+b x+a x^2} \, dx\)

Optimal. Leaf size=34 \[ -\frac {2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {2 a x+b}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \]

[Out]

-2*arctanh((2*a*x+b)/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)

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Rubi [A]  time = 0.03, antiderivative size = 34, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 2, number of rules used = 2, integrand size = 12, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.167, Rules used = {618, 206} \[ -\frac {2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {2 a x+b}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[(c + b*x + a*x^2)^(-1),x]

[Out]

(-2*ArcTanh[(b + 2*a*x)/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]])/Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]

Rule 206

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1*ArcTanh[(Rt[-b, 2]*x)/Rt[a, 2]])/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2]), x]
/; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b] && (GtQ[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])

Rule 618

Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Dist[-2, Subst[Int[1/Simp[b^2 - 4*a*c - x^2, x], x]
, x, b + 2*c*x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c}, x] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0]

Rubi steps

\begin {align*} \int \frac {1}{c+b x+a x^2} \, dx &=-\left (2 \operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{b^2-4 a c-x^2} \, dx,x,b+2 a x\right )\right )\\ &=-\frac {2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {b+2 a x}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\\ \end {align*}

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Mathematica [A]  time = 0.01, size = 38, normalized size = 1.12 \[ \frac {2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {2 a x+b}{\sqrt {4 a c-b^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {4 a c-b^2}} \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Integrate[(c + b*x + a*x^2)^(-1),x]

[Out]

(2*ArcTan[(b + 2*a*x)/Sqrt[-b^2 + 4*a*c]])/Sqrt[-b^2 + 4*a*c]

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fricas [A]  time = 0.41, size = 120, normalized size = 3.53 \[ \left [\frac {\log \left (\frac {2 \, a^{2} x^{2} + 2 \, a b x + b^{2} - 2 \, a c - \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} {\left (2 \, a x + b\right )}}{a x^{2} + b x + c}\right )}{\sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c}}, -\frac {2 \, \sqrt {-b^{2} + 4 \, a c} \arctan \left (-\frac {\sqrt {-b^{2} + 4 \, a c} {\left (2 \, a x + b\right )}}{b^{2} - 4 \, a c}\right )}{b^{2} - 4 \, a c}\right ] \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/(a*x^2+b*x+c),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

[log((2*a^2*x^2 + 2*a*b*x + b^2 - 2*a*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*(2*a*x + b))/(a*x^2 + b*x + c))/sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c),
-2*sqrt(-b^2 + 4*a*c)*arctan(-sqrt(-b^2 + 4*a*c)*(2*a*x + b)/(b^2 - 4*a*c))/(b^2 - 4*a*c)]

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giac [A]  time = 1.35, size = 34, normalized size = 1.00 \[ \frac {2 \, \arctan \left (\frac {2 \, a x + b}{\sqrt {-b^{2} + 4 \, a c}}\right )}{\sqrt {-b^{2} + 4 \, a c}} \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/(a*x^2+b*x+c),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

2*arctan((2*a*x + b)/sqrt(-b^2 + 4*a*c))/sqrt(-b^2 + 4*a*c)

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maple [A]  time = 0.01, size = 35, normalized size = 1.03 \[ \frac {2 \arctan \left (\frac {2 a x +b}{\sqrt {4 a c -b^{2}}}\right )}{\sqrt {4 a c -b^{2}}} \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(1/(a*x^2+b*x+c),x)

[Out]

2/(4*a*c-b^2)^(1/2)*arctan((2*a*x+b)/(4*a*c-b^2)^(1/2))

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maxima [F(-2)]  time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \[ \text {Exception raised: ValueError} \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/(a*x^2+b*x+c),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

Exception raised: ValueError >> Computation failed since Maxima requested additional constraints; using the 'a
ssume' command before evaluation *may* help (example of legal syntax is 'assume(4*a*c-b^2>0)', see `assume?` f
or more details)Is 4*a*c-b^2 positive or negative?

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mupad [B]  time = 0.20, size = 46, normalized size = 1.35 \[ \frac {2\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {b}{\sqrt {4\,a\,c-b^2}}+\frac {2\,a\,x}{\sqrt {4\,a\,c-b^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {4\,a\,c-b^2}} \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(1/(c + b*x + a*x^2),x)

[Out]

(2*atan(b/(4*a*c - b^2)^(1/2) + (2*a*x)/(4*a*c - b^2)^(1/2)))/(4*a*c - b^2)^(1/2)

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sympy [B]  time = 0.21, size = 124, normalized size = 3.65 \[ - \sqrt {- \frac {1}{4 a c - b^{2}}} \log {\left (x + \frac {- 4 a c \sqrt {- \frac {1}{4 a c - b^{2}}} + b^{2} \sqrt {- \frac {1}{4 a c - b^{2}}} + b}{2 a} \right )} + \sqrt {- \frac {1}{4 a c - b^{2}}} \log {\left (x + \frac {4 a c \sqrt {- \frac {1}{4 a c - b^{2}}} - b^{2} \sqrt {- \frac {1}{4 a c - b^{2}}} + b}{2 a} \right )} \]

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/(a*x**2+b*x+c),x)

[Out]

-sqrt(-1/(4*a*c - b**2))*log(x + (-4*a*c*sqrt(-1/(4*a*c - b**2)) + b**2*sqrt(-1/(4*a*c - b**2)) + b)/(2*a)) +
sqrt(-1/(4*a*c - b**2))*log(x + (4*a*c*sqrt(-1/(4*a*c - b**2)) - b**2*sqrt(-1/(4*a*c - b**2)) + b)/(2*a))

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