Optimal. Leaf size=138 \[ \frac {\log \left (x^2-\sqrt [6]{2} x+\sqrt [3]{2}\right )}{12\ 2^{5/6}}-\frac {\log \left (x^2+\sqrt [6]{2} x+\sqrt [3]{2}\right )}{12\ 2^{5/6}}+\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {3}}-\frac {2^{5/6} x}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{2\ 2^{5/6} \sqrt {3}}-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {2^{5/6} x}{\sqrt {3}}+\frac {1}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{2\ 2^{5/6} \sqrt {3}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {x}{\sqrt [6]{2}}\right )}{3\ 2^{5/6}} \]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Rubi [A] time = 0.19, antiderivative size = 138, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 10, number of rules used = 6, integrand size = 7, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.857, Rules used = {210, 634, 618, 204, 628, 206} \[ \frac {\log \left (x^2-\sqrt [6]{2} x+\sqrt [3]{2}\right )}{12\ 2^{5/6}}-\frac {\log \left (x^2+\sqrt [6]{2} x+\sqrt [3]{2}\right )}{12\ 2^{5/6}}+\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {1}{\sqrt {3}}-\frac {2^{5/6} x}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{2\ 2^{5/6} \sqrt {3}}-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {2^{5/6} x}{\sqrt {3}}+\frac {1}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{2\ 2^{5/6} \sqrt {3}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {x}{\sqrt [6]{2}}\right )}{3\ 2^{5/6}} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
Rule 204
Rule 206
Rule 210
Rule 618
Rule 628
Rule 634
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {1}{-2+x^6} \, dx &=-\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [6]{2}-\frac {x}{2}}{\sqrt [3]{2}-\sqrt [6]{2} x+x^2} \, dx}{3\ 2^{5/6}}-\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [6]{2}+\frac {x}{2}}{\sqrt [3]{2}+\sqrt [6]{2} x+x^2} \, dx}{3\ 2^{5/6}}-\frac {\int \frac {1}{\sqrt [3]{2}-x^2} \, dx}{3\ 2^{2/3}}\\ &=-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {x}{\sqrt [6]{2}}\right )}{3\ 2^{5/6}}+\frac {\int \frac {-\sqrt [6]{2}+2 x}{\sqrt [3]{2}-\sqrt [6]{2} x+x^2} \, dx}{12\ 2^{5/6}}-\frac {\int \frac {\sqrt [6]{2}+2 x}{\sqrt [3]{2}+\sqrt [6]{2} x+x^2} \, dx}{12\ 2^{5/6}}-\frac {\int \frac {1}{\sqrt [3]{2}-\sqrt [6]{2} x+x^2} \, dx}{4\ 2^{2/3}}-\frac {\int \frac {1}{\sqrt [3]{2}+\sqrt [6]{2} x+x^2} \, dx}{4\ 2^{2/3}}\\ &=-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {x}{\sqrt [6]{2}}\right )}{3\ 2^{5/6}}+\frac {\log \left (\sqrt [3]{2}-\sqrt [6]{2} x+x^2\right )}{12\ 2^{5/6}}-\frac {\log \left (\sqrt [3]{2}+\sqrt [6]{2} x+x^2\right )}{12\ 2^{5/6}}-\frac {\operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-3-x^2} \, dx,x,1-2^{5/6} x\right )}{2\ 2^{5/6}}+\frac {\operatorname {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{-3-x^2} \, dx,x,1+2^{5/6} x\right )}{2\ 2^{5/6}}\\ &=\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {1-2^{5/6} x}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{2\ 2^{5/6} \sqrt {3}}-\frac {\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {1+2^{5/6} x}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{2\ 2^{5/6} \sqrt {3}}-\frac {\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {x}{\sqrt [6]{2}}\right )}{3\ 2^{5/6}}+\frac {\log \left (\sqrt [3]{2}-\sqrt [6]{2} x+x^2\right )}{12\ 2^{5/6}}-\frac {\log \left (\sqrt [3]{2}+\sqrt [6]{2} x+x^2\right )}{12\ 2^{5/6}}\\ \end {align*}
________________________________________________________________________________________
Mathematica [A] time = 0.04, size = 122, normalized size = 0.88 \[ -\frac {-\log \left (2^{2/3} x^2-2^{5/6} x+2\right )+\log \left (2^{2/3} x^2+2^{5/6} x+2\right )-2 \log \left (2-2^{5/6} x\right )+2 \log \left (2^{5/6} x+2\right )+2 \sqrt {3} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {2^{5/6} x-1}{\sqrt {3}}\right )+2 \sqrt {3} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {2^{5/6} x+1}{\sqrt {3}}\right )}{12\ 2^{5/6}} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
fricas [A] time = 0.44, size = 175, normalized size = 1.27 \[ \frac {1}{96} \cdot 32^{\frac {5}{6}} \sqrt {3} \arctan \left (-\frac {1}{3} \cdot 32^{\frac {1}{6}} \sqrt {3} x + \frac {1}{12} \cdot 32^{\frac {1}{6}} \sqrt {3} \sqrt {16 \, x^{2} + 32^{\frac {5}{6}} x + 8 \cdot 4^{\frac {2}{3}}} - \frac {1}{3} \, \sqrt {3}\right ) + \frac {1}{96} \cdot 32^{\frac {5}{6}} \sqrt {3} \arctan \left (-\frac {1}{3} \cdot 32^{\frac {1}{6}} \sqrt {3} x + \frac {1}{12} \cdot 32^{\frac {1}{6}} \sqrt {3} \sqrt {16 \, x^{2} - 32^{\frac {5}{6}} x + 8 \cdot 4^{\frac {2}{3}}} + \frac {1}{3} \, \sqrt {3}\right ) - \frac {1}{384} \cdot 32^{\frac {5}{6}} \log \left (16 \, x^{2} + 32^{\frac {5}{6}} x + 8 \cdot 4^{\frac {2}{3}}\right ) + \frac {1}{384} \cdot 32^{\frac {5}{6}} \log \left (16 \, x^{2} - 32^{\frac {5}{6}} x + 8 \cdot 4^{\frac {2}{3}}\right ) - \frac {1}{192} \cdot 32^{\frac {5}{6}} \log \left (16 \, x + 32^{\frac {5}{6}}\right ) + \frac {1}{192} \cdot 32^{\frac {5}{6}} \log \left (16 \, x - 32^{\frac {5}{6}}\right ) \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
giac [A] time = 1.31, size = 114, normalized size = 0.83 \[ -\frac {1}{12} \, \sqrt {3} 2^{\frac {1}{6}} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{6} \, \sqrt {3} 2^{\frac {5}{6}} {\left (2 \, x + 2^{\frac {1}{6}}\right )}\right ) - \frac {1}{12} \, \sqrt {3} 2^{\frac {1}{6}} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{6} \, \sqrt {3} 2^{\frac {5}{6}} {\left (2 \, x - 2^{\frac {1}{6}}\right )}\right ) - \frac {1}{24} \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{6}} \log \left (x^{2} + 2^{\frac {1}{6}} x + 2^{\frac {1}{3}}\right ) + \frac {1}{24} \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{6}} \log \left (x^{2} - 2^{\frac {1}{6}} x + 2^{\frac {1}{3}}\right ) - \frac {1}{12} \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{6}} \log \left ({\left | x + 2^{\frac {1}{6}} \right |}\right ) + \frac {1}{12} \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{6}} \log \left ({\left | x - 2^{\frac {1}{6}} \right |}\right ) \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
maple [A] time = 0.16, size = 111, normalized size = 0.80 \[ -\frac {2^{\frac {1}{6}} \sqrt {3}\, \arctan \left (\frac {2^{\frac {5}{6}} \sqrt {3}\, x}{3}-\frac {\sqrt {3}}{3}\right )}{12}-\frac {2^{\frac {1}{6}} \sqrt {3}\, \arctan \left (\frac {2^{\frac {5}{6}} \sqrt {3}\, x}{3}+\frac {\sqrt {3}}{3}\right )}{12}+\frac {2^{\frac {1}{6}} \ln \left (x -2^{\frac {1}{6}}\right )}{12}-\frac {2^{\frac {1}{6}} \ln \left (x +2^{\frac {1}{6}}\right )}{12}+\frac {2^{\frac {1}{6}} \ln \left (x^{2}-2^{\frac {1}{6}} x +2^{\frac {1}{3}}\right )}{24}-\frac {2^{\frac {1}{6}} \ln \left (x^{2}+2^{\frac {1}{6}} x +2^{\frac {1}{3}}\right )}{24} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
maxima [A] time = 0.95, size = 112, normalized size = 0.81 \[ -\frac {1}{12} \, \sqrt {3} 2^{\frac {1}{6}} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{6} \, \sqrt {3} 2^{\frac {5}{6}} {\left (2 \, x + 2^{\frac {1}{6}}\right )}\right ) - \frac {1}{12} \, \sqrt {3} 2^{\frac {1}{6}} \arctan \left (\frac {1}{6} \, \sqrt {3} 2^{\frac {5}{6}} {\left (2 \, x - 2^{\frac {1}{6}}\right )}\right ) - \frac {1}{24} \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{6}} \log \left (x^{2} + 2^{\frac {1}{6}} x + 2^{\frac {1}{3}}\right ) + \frac {1}{24} \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{6}} \log \left (x^{2} - 2^{\frac {1}{6}} x + 2^{\frac {1}{3}}\right ) - \frac {1}{12} \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{6}} \log \left (x + 2^{\frac {1}{6}}\right ) + \frac {1}{12} \cdot 2^{\frac {1}{6}} \log \left (x - 2^{\frac {1}{6}}\right ) \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
mupad [B] time = 0.21, size = 140, normalized size = 1.01 \[ -\frac {2^{1/6}\,\mathrm {atanh}\left (\frac {2^{5/6}\,x}{2}\right )}{6}+\frac {2^{1/6}\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {2^{1/6}\,x\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2\,\left (-\frac {2^{1/3}}{2}+\frac {2^{1/3}\,\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )}-\frac {2^{1/6}\,\sqrt {3}\,x}{2\,\left (-\frac {2^{1/3}}{2}+\frac {2^{1/3}\,\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )}\right )\,\left (1+\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}\right )\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{12}+\frac {2^{1/6}\,\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {2^{1/6}\,x\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2\,\left (\frac {2^{1/3}}{2}+\frac {2^{1/3}\,\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )}+\frac {2^{1/6}\,\sqrt {3}\,x}{2\,\left (\frac {2^{1/3}}{2}+\frac {2^{1/3}\,\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{2}\right )}\right )\,\left (-1+\sqrt {3}\,1{}\mathrm {i}\right )\,1{}\mathrm {i}}{12} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
sympy [A] time = 0.57, size = 14, normalized size = 0.10 \[ \operatorname {RootSum} {\left (1492992 t^{6} - 1, \left (t \mapsto t \log {\left (- 12 t + x \right )} \right )\right )} \]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________