3.8 \(\int \frac{e^{i \tan ^{-1}(a x)}}{x^3} \, dx\)

Optimal. Leaf size=63 \[ -\frac{i a \sqrt{a^2 x^2+1}}{x}-\frac{\sqrt{a^2 x^2+1}}{2 x^2}+\frac{1}{2} a^2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt{a^2 x^2+1}\right ) \]

[Out]

-Sqrt[1 + a^2*x^2]/(2*x^2) - (I*a*Sqrt[1 + a^2*x^2])/x + (a^2*ArcTanh[Sqrt[1 + a^2*x^2]])/2

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Rubi [A]  time = 0.0502899, antiderivative size = 63, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 6, integrand size = 14, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.429, Rules used = {5060, 835, 807, 266, 63, 208} \[ -\frac{i a \sqrt{a^2 x^2+1}}{x}-\frac{\sqrt{a^2 x^2+1}}{2 x^2}+\frac{1}{2} a^2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt{a^2 x^2+1}\right ) \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[E^(I*ArcTan[a*x])/x^3,x]

[Out]

-Sqrt[1 + a^2*x^2]/(2*x^2) - (I*a*Sqrt[1 + a^2*x^2])/x + (a^2*ArcTanh[Sqrt[1 + a^2*x^2]])/2

Rule 5060

Int[E^(ArcTan[(a_.)*(x_)]*(n_))*(x_)^(m_.), x_Symbol] :> Int[x^m*((1 - I*a*x)^((I*n + 1)/2)/((1 + I*a*x)^((I*n
- 1)/2)*Sqrt[1 + a^2*x^2])), x] /; FreeQ[{a, m}, x] && IntegerQ[(I*n - 1)/2]

Rule 835

Int[((d_.) + (e_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((f_.) + (g_.)*(x_))*((a_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_.), x_Symbol] :> Simp[((e*f - d*g)
*(d + e*x)^(m + 1)*(a + c*x^2)^(p + 1))/((m + 1)*(c*d^2 + a*e^2)), x] + Dist[1/((m + 1)*(c*d^2 + a*e^2)), Int[
(d + e*x)^(m + 1)*(a + c*x^2)^p*Simp[(c*d*f + a*e*g)*(m + 1) - c*(e*f - d*g)*(m + 2*p + 3)*x, x], x], x] /; Fr
eeQ[{a, c, d, e, f, g, p}, x] && NeQ[c*d^2 + a*e^2, 0] && LtQ[m, -1] && (IntegerQ[m] || IntegerQ[p] || Integer
sQ[2*m, 2*p])

Rule 807

Int[((d_.) + (e_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((f_.) + (g_.)*(x_))*((a_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_.), x_Symbol] :> -Simp[((e*f - d*g
)*(d + e*x)^(m + 1)*(a + c*x^2)^(p + 1))/(2*(p + 1)*(c*d^2 + a*e^2)), x] + Dist[(c*d*f + a*e*g)/(c*d^2 + a*e^2
), Int[(d + e*x)^(m + 1)*(a + c*x^2)^p, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, c, d, e, f, g, m, p}, x] && NeQ[c*d^2 + a*e^2, 0]
&& EqQ[Simplify[m + 2*p + 3], 0]

Rule 266

Int[(x_)^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Dist[1/n, Subst[Int[x^(Simplify[(m + 1)/n] - 1)*(a
+ b*x)^p, x], x, x^n], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, m, n, p}, x] && IntegerQ[Simplify[(m + 1)/n]]

Rule 63

Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_), x_Symbol] :> With[{p = Denominator[m]}, Dist[p/b, Sub
st[Int[x^(p*(m + 1) - 1)*(c - (a*d)/b + (d*x^p)/b)^n, x], x, (a + b*x)^(1/p)], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] &
& NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && LtQ[-1, m, 0] && LeQ[-1, n, 0] && LeQ[Denominator[n], Denominator[m]] && IntLinearQ[a,
b, c, d, m, n, x]

Rule 208

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Rt[-(a/b), 2]*ArcTanh[x/Rt[-(a/b), 2]])/a, x] /; FreeQ[{a,
b}, x] && NegQ[a/b]

Rubi steps

\begin{align*} \int \frac{e^{i \tan ^{-1}(a x)}}{x^3} \, dx &=\int \frac{1+i a x}{x^3 \sqrt{1+a^2 x^2}} \, dx\\ &=-\frac{\sqrt{1+a^2 x^2}}{2 x^2}-\frac{1}{2} \int \frac{-2 i a+a^2 x}{x^2 \sqrt{1+a^2 x^2}} \, dx\\ &=-\frac{\sqrt{1+a^2 x^2}}{2 x^2}-\frac{i a \sqrt{1+a^2 x^2}}{x}-\frac{1}{2} a^2 \int \frac{1}{x \sqrt{1+a^2 x^2}} \, dx\\ &=-\frac{\sqrt{1+a^2 x^2}}{2 x^2}-\frac{i a \sqrt{1+a^2 x^2}}{x}-\frac{1}{4} a^2 \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{x \sqrt{1+a^2 x}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )\\ &=-\frac{\sqrt{1+a^2 x^2}}{2 x^2}-\frac{i a \sqrt{1+a^2 x^2}}{x}-\frac{1}{2} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{-\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{x^2}{a^2}} \, dx,x,\sqrt{1+a^2 x^2}\right )\\ &=-\frac{\sqrt{1+a^2 x^2}}{2 x^2}-\frac{i a \sqrt{1+a^2 x^2}}{x}+\frac{1}{2} a^2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt{1+a^2 x^2}\right )\\ \end{align*}

Mathematica [A]  time = 0.0396952, size = 57, normalized size = 0.9 \[ \frac{1}{2} \left (\frac{(-1-2 i a x) \sqrt{a^2 x^2+1}}{x^2}+a^2 \log \left (\sqrt{a^2 x^2+1}+1\right )+a^2 (-\log (x))\right ) \]

Warning: Unable to verify antiderivative.

[In]

Integrate[E^(I*ArcTan[a*x])/x^3,x]

[Out]

(((-1 - (2*I)*a*x)*Sqrt[1 + a^2*x^2])/x^2 - a^2*Log[x] + a^2*Log[1 + Sqrt[1 + a^2*x^2]])/2

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Maple [A]  time = 0.071, size = 53, normalized size = 0.8 \begin{align*} -{\frac{1}{2\,{x}^{2}}\sqrt{{a}^{2}{x}^{2}+1}}+{\frac{{a}^{2}}{2}{\it Artanh} \left ({\frac{1}{\sqrt{{a}^{2}{x}^{2}+1}}} \right ) }-{\frac{ia}{x}\sqrt{{a}^{2}{x}^{2}+1}} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int((1+I*a*x)/(a^2*x^2+1)^(1/2)/x^3,x)

[Out]

-1/2*(a^2*x^2+1)^(1/2)/x^2+1/2*a^2*arctanh(1/(a^2*x^2+1)^(1/2))-I*a*(a^2*x^2+1)^(1/2)/x

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Maxima [A]  time = 0.976611, size = 68, normalized size = 1.08 \begin{align*} \frac{1}{2} \, a^{2} \operatorname{arsinh}\left (\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^{2}}{\left | x \right |}}\right ) - \frac{i \, \sqrt{a^{2} x^{2} + 1} a}{x} - \frac{\sqrt{a^{2} x^{2} + 1}}{2 \, x^{2}} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((1+I*a*x)/(a^2*x^2+1)^(1/2)/x^3,x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

1/2*a^2*arcsinh(1/(sqrt(a^2)*abs(x))) - I*sqrt(a^2*x^2 + 1)*a/x - 1/2*sqrt(a^2*x^2 + 1)/x^2

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Fricas [A]  time = 1.68001, size = 197, normalized size = 3.13 \begin{align*} \frac{a^{2} x^{2} \log \left (-a x + \sqrt{a^{2} x^{2} + 1} + 1\right ) - a^{2} x^{2} \log \left (-a x + \sqrt{a^{2} x^{2} + 1} - 1\right ) - 2 i \, a^{2} x^{2} + \sqrt{a^{2} x^{2} + 1}{\left (-2 i \, a x - 1\right )}}{2 \, x^{2}} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((1+I*a*x)/(a^2*x^2+1)^(1/2)/x^3,x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

1/2*(a^2*x^2*log(-a*x + sqrt(a^2*x^2 + 1) + 1) - a^2*x^2*log(-a*x + sqrt(a^2*x^2 + 1) - 1) - 2*I*a^2*x^2 + sqr
t(a^2*x^2 + 1)*(-2*I*a*x - 1))/x^2

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Sympy [A]  time = 3.53996, size = 48, normalized size = 0.76 \begin{align*} - i a^{2} \sqrt{1 + \frac{1}{a^{2} x^{2}}} + \frac{a^{2} \operatorname{asinh}{\left (\frac{1}{a x} \right )}}{2} - \frac{a \sqrt{1 + \frac{1}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{2 x} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((1+I*a*x)/(a**2*x**2+1)**(1/2)/x**3,x)

[Out]

-I*a**2*sqrt(1 + 1/(a**2*x**2)) + a**2*asinh(1/(a*x))/2 - a*sqrt(1 + 1/(a**2*x**2))/(2*x)

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Giac [B]  time = 1.13557, size = 209, normalized size = 3.32 \begin{align*} \frac{1}{2} \, a^{2} \log \left ({\left | -x{\left | a \right |} + \sqrt{a^{2} x^{2} + 1} + 1 \right |}\right ) - \frac{1}{2} \, a^{2} \log \left ({\left | -x{\left | a \right |} + \sqrt{a^{2} x^{2} + 1} - 1 \right |}\right ) + \frac{{\left (x{\left | a \right |} - \sqrt{a^{2} x^{2} + 1}\right )}^{3} a^{2} + 2 \,{\left (x{\left | a \right |} - \sqrt{a^{2} x^{2} + 1}\right )}^{2} a i{\left | a \right |} +{\left (x{\left | a \right |} - \sqrt{a^{2} x^{2} + 1}\right )} a^{2} - 2 \, a i{\left | a \right |}}{{\left ({\left (x{\left | a \right |} - \sqrt{a^{2} x^{2} + 1}\right )}^{2} - 1\right )}^{2}} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((1+I*a*x)/(a^2*x^2+1)^(1/2)/x^3,x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

1/2*a^2*log(abs(-x*abs(a) + sqrt(a^2*x^2 + 1) + 1)) - 1/2*a^2*log(abs(-x*abs(a) + sqrt(a^2*x^2 + 1) - 1)) + ((
x*abs(a) - sqrt(a^2*x^2 + 1))^3*a^2 + 2*(x*abs(a) - sqrt(a^2*x^2 + 1))^2*a*i*abs(a) + (x*abs(a) - sqrt(a^2*x^2
+ 1))*a^2 - 2*a*i*abs(a))/((x*abs(a) - sqrt(a^2*x^2 + 1))^2 - 1)^2