Optimal. Leaf size=196 \[ -\frac{\log \left (x^2-\sqrt{2 \sqrt{2}-1} x+\sqrt{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt{2 \left (2 \sqrt{2}-1\right )}}+\frac{\log \left (x^2+\sqrt{2 \sqrt{2}-1} x+\sqrt{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt{2 \left (2 \sqrt{2}-1\right )}}-\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{\frac{1}{14} \left (2 \sqrt{2}-1\right )} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2 \sqrt{2}-1}-2 x}{\sqrt{1+2 \sqrt{2}}}\right )+\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{\frac{1}{14} \left (2 \sqrt{2}-1\right )} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{2 x+\sqrt{2 \sqrt{2}-1}}{\sqrt{1+2 \sqrt{2}}}\right ) \]
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Rubi [A] time = 0.148191, antiderivative size = 196, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 9, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 10, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.5, Rules used = {1094, 634, 618, 204, 628} \[ -\frac{\log \left (x^2-\sqrt{2 \sqrt{2}-1} x+\sqrt{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt{2 \left (2 \sqrt{2}-1\right )}}+\frac{\log \left (x^2+\sqrt{2 \sqrt{2}-1} x+\sqrt{2}\right )}{4 \sqrt{2 \left (2 \sqrt{2}-1\right )}}-\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{\frac{1}{14} \left (2 \sqrt{2}-1\right )} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{2 \sqrt{2}-1}-2 x}{\sqrt{1+2 \sqrt{2}}}\right )+\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{\frac{1}{14} \left (2 \sqrt{2}-1\right )} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{2 x+\sqrt{2 \sqrt{2}-1}}{\sqrt{1+2 \sqrt{2}}}\right ) \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 1094
Rule 634
Rule 618
Rule 204
Rule 628
Rubi steps
\begin{align*} \int \frac{1}{2+x^2+x^4} \, dx &=\frac{\int \frac{\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}}-x}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}} x+x^2} \, dx}{2 \sqrt{2 \left (-1+2 \sqrt{2}\right )}}+\frac{\int \frac{\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}}+x}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}} x+x^2} \, dx}{2 \sqrt{2 \left (-1+2 \sqrt{2}\right )}}\\ &=\frac{\int \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}} x+x^2} \, dx}{4 \sqrt{2}}+\frac{\int \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}} x+x^2} \, dx}{4 \sqrt{2}}-\frac{\int \frac{-\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}}+2 x}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}} x+x^2} \, dx}{4 \sqrt{2 \left (-1+2 \sqrt{2}\right )}}+\frac{\int \frac{\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}}+2 x}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}} x+x^2} \, dx}{4 \sqrt{2 \left (-1+2 \sqrt{2}\right )}}\\ &=-\frac{\log \left (\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}} x+x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt{2 \left (-1+2 \sqrt{2}\right )}}+\frac{\log \left (\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}} x+x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt{2 \left (-1+2 \sqrt{2}\right )}}-\frac{\operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{-1-2 \sqrt{2}-x^2} \, dx,x,-\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}}+2 x\right )}{2 \sqrt{2}}-\frac{\operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{-1-2 \sqrt{2}-x^2} \, dx,x,\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}}+2 x\right )}{2 \sqrt{2}}\\ &=-\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}}-2 x}{\sqrt{1+2 \sqrt{2}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt{2 \left (1+2 \sqrt{2}\right )}}+\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}}+2 x}{\sqrt{1+2 \sqrt{2}}}\right )}{2 \sqrt{2 \left (1+2 \sqrt{2}\right )}}-\frac{\log \left (\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}} x+x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt{2 \left (-1+2 \sqrt{2}\right )}}+\frac{\log \left (\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{-1+2 \sqrt{2}} x+x^2\right )}{4 \sqrt{2 \left (-1+2 \sqrt{2}\right )}}\\ \end{align*}
Mathematica [C] time = 0.0616323, size = 91, normalized size = 0.46 \[ \frac{i \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{x}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2} \left (1+i \sqrt{7}\right )}}\right )}{\sqrt{\frac{7}{2} \left (1+i \sqrt{7}\right )}}-\frac{i \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{x}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2} \left (1-i \sqrt{7}\right )}}\right )}{\sqrt{\frac{7}{2} \left (1-i \sqrt{7}\right )}} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [B] time = 0.064, size = 386, normalized size = 2. \begin{align*}{\frac{\ln \left ({x}^{2}+\sqrt{2}+x\sqrt{-1+2\,\sqrt{2}} \right ) \sqrt{-1+2\,\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{2}}{56}}+{\frac{\ln \left ({x}^{2}+\sqrt{2}+x\sqrt{-1+2\,\sqrt{2}} \right ) \sqrt{-1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}{14}}-{\frac{ \left ( -1+2\,\sqrt{2} \right ) \sqrt{2}}{28\,\sqrt{1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}\arctan \left ({\frac{2\,x+\sqrt{-1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}{\sqrt{1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}} \right ) }-{\frac{-1+2\,\sqrt{2}}{7\,\sqrt{1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}\arctan \left ({\frac{2\,x+\sqrt{-1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}{\sqrt{1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}} \right ) }+{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2\,\sqrt{1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}\arctan \left ({\frac{2\,x+\sqrt{-1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}{\sqrt{1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}} \right ) }-{\frac{\ln \left ({x}^{2}+\sqrt{2}-x\sqrt{-1+2\,\sqrt{2}} \right ) \sqrt{-1+2\,\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{2}}{56}}-{\frac{\ln \left ({x}^{2}+\sqrt{2}-x\sqrt{-1+2\,\sqrt{2}} \right ) \sqrt{-1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}{14}}-{\frac{ \left ( -1+2\,\sqrt{2} \right ) \sqrt{2}}{28\,\sqrt{1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}\arctan \left ({\frac{2\,x-\sqrt{-1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}{\sqrt{1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}} \right ) }-{\frac{-1+2\,\sqrt{2}}{7\,\sqrt{1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}\arctan \left ({\frac{2\,x-\sqrt{-1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}{\sqrt{1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}} \right ) }+{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2\,\sqrt{1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}\arctan \left ({\frac{2\,x-\sqrt{-1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}{\sqrt{1+2\,\sqrt{2}}}} \right ) } \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{1}{x^{4} + x^{2} + 2}\,{d x} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [B] time = 2.08491, size = 988, normalized size = 5.04 \begin{align*} -\frac{1}{56} \cdot 8^{\frac{1}{4}} \sqrt{7} \sqrt{2} \sqrt{-4 \, \sqrt{2} + 16} \arctan \left (-\frac{1}{56} \cdot 8^{\frac{3}{4}} \sqrt{7} \sqrt{2} x \sqrt{-4 \, \sqrt{2} + 16} + \frac{1}{112} \cdot 8^{\frac{3}{4}} \sqrt{7} \sqrt{2} \sqrt{4 \, x^{2} + 8^{\frac{1}{4}} x \sqrt{-4 \, \sqrt{2} + 16} + 4 \, \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{-4 \, \sqrt{2} + 16} - \frac{1}{7} \, \sqrt{7}{\left (2 \, \sqrt{2} - 1\right )}\right ) - \frac{1}{56} \cdot 8^{\frac{1}{4}} \sqrt{7} \sqrt{2} \sqrt{-4 \, \sqrt{2} + 16} \arctan \left (-\frac{1}{56} \cdot 8^{\frac{3}{4}} \sqrt{7} \sqrt{2} x \sqrt{-4 \, \sqrt{2} + 16} + \frac{1}{112} \cdot 8^{\frac{3}{4}} \sqrt{7} \sqrt{2} \sqrt{4 \, x^{2} - 8^{\frac{1}{4}} x \sqrt{-4 \, \sqrt{2} + 16} + 4 \, \sqrt{2}} \sqrt{-4 \, \sqrt{2} + 16} + \frac{1}{7} \, \sqrt{7}{\left (2 \, \sqrt{2} - 1\right )}\right ) + \frac{1}{224} \cdot 8^{\frac{1}{4}}{\left (\sqrt{2} + 4\right )} \sqrt{-4 \, \sqrt{2} + 16} \log \left (4 \, x^{2} + 8^{\frac{1}{4}} x \sqrt{-4 \, \sqrt{2} + 16} + 4 \, \sqrt{2}\right ) - \frac{1}{224} \cdot 8^{\frac{1}{4}}{\left (\sqrt{2} + 4\right )} \sqrt{-4 \, \sqrt{2} + 16} \log \left (4 \, x^{2} - 8^{\frac{1}{4}} x \sqrt{-4 \, \sqrt{2} + 16} + 4 \, \sqrt{2}\right ) \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [A] time = 0.469528, size = 24, normalized size = 0.12 \begin{align*} \operatorname{RootSum}{\left (1568 t^{4} - 28 t^{2} + 1, \left ( t \mapsto t \log{\left (112 t^{3} + 6 t + x \right )} \right )\right )} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{1}{x^{4} + x^{2} + 2}\,{d x} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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