2.23.6 Problem 6

2.23.6.1 Maple
2.23.6.2 Mathematica
2.23.6.3 Sympy

Internal problem ID [13559]
Book : Handbook of exact solutions for ordinary differential equations. By Polyanin and Zaitsev. Second edition
Section : Chapter 1, section 1.3. Abel Equations of the Second Kind. subsection 1.3.2.
Problem number : 6
Date solved : Friday, December 19, 2025 at 06:55:46 AM
CAS classification : [_rational, [_Abel, `2nd type`, `class B`]]

\begin{align*} y y^{\prime }&=\left (\frac {a}{x^{{2}/{3}}}-\frac {2}{3 a \,x^{{1}/{3}}}\right ) y+1 \\ \end{align*}
Unknown ode type.
2.23.6.1 Maple. Time used: 0.002 (sec). Leaf size: 187
ode:=y(x)*diff(y(x),x) = (a/x^(2/3)-2/3/a/x^(1/3))*y(x)+1; 
dsolve(ode,y(x), singsol=all);
 
\[ \frac {-\operatorname {BesselI}\left (1, \frac {2 \sqrt {\frac {x^{{2}/{3}}+a y}{a^{4}}}}{3}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x^{{2}/{3}}+a y}{a^{4}}}\, c_1 \,a^{2}+\operatorname {BesselK}\left (1, -\frac {2 \sqrt {\frac {x^{{2}/{3}}+a y}{a^{4}}}}{3}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x^{{2}/{3}}+a y}{a^{4}}}\, a^{2}+x^{{1}/{3}} \operatorname {BesselI}\left (0, \frac {2 \sqrt {\frac {x^{{2}/{3}}+a y}{a^{4}}}}{3}\right ) c_1 -x^{{1}/{3}} \operatorname {BesselK}\left (0, -\frac {2 \sqrt {\frac {x^{{2}/{3}}+a y}{a^{4}}}}{3}\right )}{-\operatorname {BesselI}\left (1, \frac {2 \sqrt {\frac {x^{{2}/{3}}+a y}{a^{4}}}}{3}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x^{{2}/{3}}+a y}{a^{4}}}\, a^{2}+x^{{1}/{3}} \operatorname {BesselI}\left (0, \frac {2 \sqrt {\frac {x^{{2}/{3}}+a y}{a^{4}}}}{3}\right )} = 0 \]

Maple trace

Methods for first order ODEs: 
--- Trying classification methods --- 
trying a quadrature 
trying 1st order linear 
trying Bernoulli 
trying separable 
trying inverse linear 
trying homogeneous types: 
trying Chini 
differential order: 1; looking for linear symmetries 
trying exact 
trying Abel 
   Looking for potential symmetries 
   Looking for potential symmetries 
<- Abel successful
 

Maple step by step

\[ \begin {array}{lll} & {} & \textrm {Let's solve}\hspace {3pt} \\ {} & {} & y \left (x \right ) \left (\frac {d}{d x}y \left (x \right )\right )=\left (\frac {a}{x^{{2}/{3}}}-\frac {2}{3 a \,x^{{1}/{3}}}\right ) y \left (x \right )+1 \\ \bullet & {} & \textrm {Highest derivative means the order of the ODE is}\hspace {3pt} 1 \\ {} & {} & \frac {d}{d x}y \left (x \right ) \\ \bullet & {} & \textrm {Solve for the highest derivative}\hspace {3pt} \\ {} & {} & \frac {d}{d x}y \left (x \right )=\frac {\left (\frac {a}{x^{{2}/{3}}}-\frac {2}{3 a \,x^{{1}/{3}}}\right ) y \left (x \right )+1}{y \left (x \right )} \end {array} \]
2.23.6.2 Mathematica
ode=y[x]*D[y[x],x]==(a*x^(-2/3)-2/3*a^(-1)*x^(-1/3))*y[x]+1; 
ic={}; 
DSolve[{ode,ic},y[x],x,IncludeSingularSolutions->True]
 

Not solved

2.23.6.3 Sympy
from sympy import * 
x = symbols("x") 
a = symbols("a") 
y = Function("y") 
ode = Eq((-a/x**(2/3) + 2/(3*a*x**(1/3)))*y(x) + y(x)*Derivative(y(x), x) - 1,0) 
ics = {} 
dsolve(ode,func=y(x),ics=ics)
 
Timed Out
 
Python version: 3.12.3 (main, Aug 14 2025, 17:47:21) [GCC 13.3.0] 
Sympy version 1.14.0