3.916 \(\int \frac{e^{-2 \coth ^{-1}(a x)} \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}}}{x^3} \, dx\)

Optimal. Leaf size=140 \[ a^2 \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}}-\frac{a (1-a x) \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}}}{3 x}+\frac{(1-a x)^2 \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}}}{3 x^2}-\frac{a^3 x \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt{1-a x} \sqrt{a x+1}\right )}{\sqrt{1-a x} \sqrt{a x+1}} \]

[Out]

a^2*Sqrt[c - c/(a^2*x^2)] - (a*Sqrt[c - c/(a^2*x^2)]*(1 - a*x))/(3*x) + (Sqrt[c - c/(a^2*x^2)]*(1 - a*x)^2)/(3
*x^2) - (a^3*Sqrt[c - c/(a^2*x^2)]*x*ArcTanh[Sqrt[1 - a*x]*Sqrt[1 + a*x]])/(Sqrt[1 - a*x]*Sqrt[1 + a*x])

________________________________________________________________________________________

Rubi [A]  time = 0.533698, antiderivative size = 140, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 8, number of rules used = 7, integrand size = 27, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.259, Rules used = {6167, 6159, 6129, 96, 94, 92, 208} \[ a^2 \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}}-\frac{a (1-a x) \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}}}{3 x}+\frac{(1-a x)^2 \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}}}{3 x^2}-\frac{a^3 x \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt{1-a x} \sqrt{a x+1}\right )}{\sqrt{1-a x} \sqrt{a x+1}} \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[Sqrt[c - c/(a^2*x^2)]/(E^(2*ArcCoth[a*x])*x^3),x]

[Out]

a^2*Sqrt[c - c/(a^2*x^2)] - (a*Sqrt[c - c/(a^2*x^2)]*(1 - a*x))/(3*x) + (Sqrt[c - c/(a^2*x^2)]*(1 - a*x)^2)/(3
*x^2) - (a^3*Sqrt[c - c/(a^2*x^2)]*x*ArcTanh[Sqrt[1 - a*x]*Sqrt[1 + a*x]])/(Sqrt[1 - a*x]*Sqrt[1 + a*x])

Rule 6167

Int[E^(ArcCoth[(a_.)*(x_)]*(n_))*(u_.), x_Symbol] :> Dist[(-1)^(n/2), Int[u*E^(n*ArcTanh[a*x]), x], x] /; Free
Q[a, x] && IntegerQ[n/2]

Rule 6159

Int[E^(ArcTanh[(a_.)*(x_)]*(n_))*(u_.)*((c_) + (d_.)/(x_)^2)^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Dist[(x^(2*p)*(c + d/x^2)^p)/(
(1 - a*x)^p*(1 + a*x)^p), Int[(u*(1 - a*x)^p*(1 + a*x)^p*E^(n*ArcTanh[a*x]))/x^(2*p), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, c, d
, n, p}, x] && EqQ[c + a^2*d, 0] &&  !IntegerQ[p] && IntegerQ[n/2] &&  !GtQ[c, 0]

Rule 6129

Int[E^(ArcTanh[(a_.)*(x_)]*(n_.))*(u_.)*((c_) + (d_.)*(x_))^(p_.), x_Symbol] :> Dist[c^p, Int[(u*(1 + (d*x)/c)
^p*(1 + a*x)^(n/2))/(1 - a*x)^(n/2), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, c, d, n, p}, x] && EqQ[a^2*c^2 - d^2, 0] && (IntegerQ
[p] || GtQ[c, 0])

Rule 96

Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_.)*((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_))^(p_.), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(b*(a +
b*x)^(m + 1)*(c + d*x)^(n + 1)*(e + f*x)^(p + 1))/((m + 1)*(b*c - a*d)*(b*e - a*f)), x] + Dist[(a*d*f*(m + 1)
+ b*c*f*(n + 1) + b*d*e*(p + 1))/((m + 1)*(b*c - a*d)*(b*e - a*f)), Int[(a + b*x)^(m + 1)*(c + d*x)^n*(e + f*
x)^p, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, m, n, p}, x] && EqQ[Simplify[m + n + p + 3], 0] && (LtQ[m, -1] || Sum
SimplerQ[m, 1])

Rule 94

Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_.)*((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_))^(p_.), x_Symbol] :> Simp[((a + b
*x)^(m + 1)*(c + d*x)^n*(e + f*x)^(p + 1))/((m + 1)*(b*e - a*f)), x] - Dist[(n*(d*e - c*f))/((m + 1)*(b*e - a*
f)), Int[(a + b*x)^(m + 1)*(c + d*x)^(n - 1)*(e + f*x)^p, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, m, p}, x] && EqQ[
m + n + p + 2, 0] && GtQ[n, 0] &&  !(SumSimplerQ[p, 1] &&  !SumSimplerQ[m, 1])

Rule 92

Int[1/(Sqrt[(a_.) + (b_.)*(x_)]*Sqrt[(c_.) + (d_.)*(x_)]*((e_.) + (f_.)*(x_))), x_Symbol] :> Dist[b*f, Subst[I
nt[1/(d*(b*e - a*f)^2 + b*f^2*x^2), x], x, Sqrt[a + b*x]*Sqrt[c + d*x]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f}, x] &&
EqQ[2*b*d*e - f*(b*c + a*d), 0]

Rule 208

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Rt[-(a/b), 2]*ArcTanh[x/Rt[-(a/b), 2]])/a, x] /; FreeQ[{a,
b}, x] && NegQ[a/b]

Rubi steps

\begin{align*} \int \frac{e^{-2 \coth ^{-1}(a x)} \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}}}{x^3} \, dx &=-\int \frac{e^{-2 \tanh ^{-1}(a x)} \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}}}{x^3} \, dx\\ &=-\frac{\left (\sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} x\right ) \int \frac{e^{-2 \tanh ^{-1}(a x)} \sqrt{1-a x} \sqrt{1+a x}}{x^4} \, dx}{\sqrt{1-a x} \sqrt{1+a x}}\\ &=-\frac{\left (\sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} x\right ) \int \frac{(1-a x)^{3/2}}{x^4 \sqrt{1+a x}} \, dx}{\sqrt{1-a x} \sqrt{1+a x}}\\ &=\frac{\sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} (1-a x)^2}{3 x^2}+\frac{\left (2 a \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} x\right ) \int \frac{(1-a x)^{3/2}}{x^3 \sqrt{1+a x}} \, dx}{3 \sqrt{1-a x} \sqrt{1+a x}}\\ &=-\frac{a \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} (1-a x)}{3 x}+\frac{\sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} (1-a x)^2}{3 x^2}-\frac{\left (a^2 \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} x\right ) \int \frac{\sqrt{1-a x}}{x^2 \sqrt{1+a x}} \, dx}{\sqrt{1-a x} \sqrt{1+a x}}\\ &=a^2 \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}}-\frac{a \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} (1-a x)}{3 x}+\frac{\sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} (1-a x)^2}{3 x^2}+\frac{\left (a^3 \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} x\right ) \int \frac{1}{x \sqrt{1-a x} \sqrt{1+a x}} \, dx}{\sqrt{1-a x} \sqrt{1+a x}}\\ &=a^2 \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}}-\frac{a \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} (1-a x)}{3 x}+\frac{\sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} (1-a x)^2}{3 x^2}-\frac{\left (a^4 \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} x\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{a-a x^2} \, dx,x,\sqrt{1-a x} \sqrt{1+a x}\right )}{\sqrt{1-a x} \sqrt{1+a x}}\\ &=a^2 \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}}-\frac{a \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} (1-a x)}{3 x}+\frac{\sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} (1-a x)^2}{3 x^2}-\frac{a^3 \sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} x \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt{1-a x} \sqrt{1+a x}\right )}{\sqrt{1-a x} \sqrt{1+a x}}\\ \end{align*}

Mathematica [A]  time = 0.0752232, size = 86, normalized size = 0.61 \[ \frac{\sqrt{c-\frac{c}{a^2 x^2}} \left (\sqrt{a^2 x^2-1} \left (5 a^2 x^2-3 a x+1\right )+3 a^3 x^3 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2 x^2-1}}\right )\right )}{3 x^2 \sqrt{a^2 x^2-1}} \]

Warning: Unable to verify antiderivative.

[In]

Integrate[Sqrt[c - c/(a^2*x^2)]/(E^(2*ArcCoth[a*x])*x^3),x]

[Out]

(Sqrt[c - c/(a^2*x^2)]*(Sqrt[-1 + a^2*x^2]*(1 - 3*a*x + 5*a^2*x^2) + 3*a^3*x^3*ArcTan[1/Sqrt[-1 + a^2*x^2]]))/
(3*x^2*Sqrt[-1 + a^2*x^2])

________________________________________________________________________________________

Maple [B]  time = 0.18, size = 378, normalized size = 2.7 \begin{align*} -{\frac{a}{3\,c{x}^{2}}\sqrt{{\frac{c \left ({a}^{2}{x}^{2}-1 \right ) }{{a}^{2}{x}^{2}}}} \left ( -6\,\sqrt{-{\frac{c}{{a}^{2}}}}\sqrt{{\frac{c \left ({a}^{2}{x}^{2}-1 \right ) }{{a}^{2}}}}{x}^{4}{a}^{3}c+6\,\sqrt{-{\frac{c}{{a}^{2}}}} \left ({\frac{c \left ({a}^{2}{x}^{2}-1 \right ) }{{a}^{2}}} \right ) ^{3/2}{x}^{2}{a}^{3}+6\,{c}^{3/2}\ln \left ( x\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{{\frac{c \left ({a}^{2}{x}^{2}-1 \right ) }{{a}^{2}}}} \right ) \sqrt{-{\frac{c}{{a}^{2}}}}{x}^{3}a-6\,{c}^{3/2}\sqrt{-{\frac{c}{{a}^{2}}}}\ln \left ({\frac{1}{\sqrt{c}} \left ( \sqrt{c}\sqrt{{\frac{ \left ( ax-1 \right ) \left ( ax+1 \right ) c}{{a}^{2}}}}+cx \right ) } \right ){x}^{3}a+6\,\sqrt{-{\frac{c}{{a}^{2}}}}\sqrt{{\frac{ \left ( ax-1 \right ) \left ( ax+1 \right ) c}{{a}^{2}}}}{x}^{3}{a}^{2}c-3\,\sqrt{-{\frac{c}{{a}^{2}}}}\sqrt{{\frac{c \left ({a}^{2}{x}^{2}-1 \right ) }{{a}^{2}}}}{x}^{3}{a}^{2}c-3\,\sqrt{-{\frac{c}{{a}^{2}}}} \left ({\frac{c \left ({a}^{2}{x}^{2}-1 \right ) }{{a}^{2}}} \right ) ^{3/2}x{a}^{2}-3\,\ln \left ( 2\,{\frac{1}{{a}^{2}x} \left ( \sqrt{-{\frac{c}{{a}^{2}}}}\sqrt{{\frac{c \left ({a}^{2}{x}^{2}-1 \right ) }{{a}^{2}}}}{a}^{2}-c \right ) } \right ){x}^{3}{c}^{2}+a \left ({\frac{c \left ({a}^{2}{x}^{2}-1 \right ) }{{a}^{2}}} \right ) ^{{\frac{3}{2}}}\sqrt{-{\frac{c}{{a}^{2}}}} \right ){\frac{1}{\sqrt{-{\frac{c}{{a}^{2}}}}}}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{{\frac{c \left ({a}^{2}{x}^{2}-1 \right ) }{{a}^{2}}}}}}} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int((c-c/a^2/x^2)^(1/2)/(a*x+1)*(a*x-1)/x^3,x)

[Out]

-1/3*(c*(a^2*x^2-1)/a^2/x^2)^(1/2)/x^2*a*(-6*(-c/a^2)^(1/2)*(c*(a^2*x^2-1)/a^2)^(1/2)*x^4*a^3*c+6*(-c/a^2)^(1/
2)*(c*(a^2*x^2-1)/a^2)^(3/2)*x^2*a^3+6*c^(3/2)*ln(x*c^(1/2)+(c*(a^2*x^2-1)/a^2)^(1/2))*(-c/a^2)^(1/2)*x^3*a-6*
c^(3/2)*(-c/a^2)^(1/2)*ln((c^(1/2)*((a*x-1)*(a*x+1)*c/a^2)^(1/2)+c*x)/c^(1/2))*x^3*a+6*(-c/a^2)^(1/2)*((a*x-1)
*(a*x+1)*c/a^2)^(1/2)*x^3*a^2*c-3*(-c/a^2)^(1/2)*(c*(a^2*x^2-1)/a^2)^(1/2)*x^3*a^2*c-3*(-c/a^2)^(1/2)*(c*(a^2*
x^2-1)/a^2)^(3/2)*x*a^2-3*ln(2*((-c/a^2)^(1/2)*(c*(a^2*x^2-1)/a^2)^(1/2)*a^2-c)/x/a^2)*x^3*c^2+a*(c*(a^2*x^2-1
)/a^2)^(3/2)*(-c/a^2)^(1/2))/(-c/a^2)^(1/2)/(c*(a^2*x^2-1)/a^2)^(1/2)/c

________________________________________________________________________________________

Maxima [F]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{{\left (a x - 1\right )} \sqrt{c - \frac{c}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{{\left (a x + 1\right )} x^{3}}\,{d x} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((c-c/a^2/x^2)^(1/2)*(a*x-1)/(a*x+1)/x^3,x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

integrate((a*x - 1)*sqrt(c - c/(a^2*x^2))/((a*x + 1)*x^3), x)

________________________________________________________________________________________

Fricas [A]  time = 1.69421, size = 440, normalized size = 3.14 \begin{align*} \left [\frac{3 \, a^{2} \sqrt{-c} x^{2} \log \left (-\frac{a^{2} c x^{2} - 2 \, a \sqrt{-c} x \sqrt{\frac{a^{2} c x^{2} - c}{a^{2} x^{2}}} - 2 \, c}{x^{2}}\right ) + 2 \,{\left (5 \, a^{2} x^{2} - 3 \, a x + 1\right )} \sqrt{\frac{a^{2} c x^{2} - c}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{6 \, x^{2}}, \frac{3 \, a^{2} \sqrt{c} x^{2} \arctan \left (\frac{a \sqrt{c} x \sqrt{\frac{a^{2} c x^{2} - c}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{a^{2} c x^{2} - c}\right ) +{\left (5 \, a^{2} x^{2} - 3 \, a x + 1\right )} \sqrt{\frac{a^{2} c x^{2} - c}{a^{2} x^{2}}}}{3 \, x^{2}}\right ] \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((c-c/a^2/x^2)^(1/2)*(a*x-1)/(a*x+1)/x^3,x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

[1/6*(3*a^2*sqrt(-c)*x^2*log(-(a^2*c*x^2 - 2*a*sqrt(-c)*x*sqrt((a^2*c*x^2 - c)/(a^2*x^2)) - 2*c)/x^2) + 2*(5*a
^2*x^2 - 3*a*x + 1)*sqrt((a^2*c*x^2 - c)/(a^2*x^2)))/x^2, 1/3*(3*a^2*sqrt(c)*x^2*arctan(a*sqrt(c)*x*sqrt((a^2*
c*x^2 - c)/(a^2*x^2))/(a^2*c*x^2 - c)) + (5*a^2*x^2 - 3*a*x + 1)*sqrt((a^2*c*x^2 - c)/(a^2*x^2)))/x^2]

________________________________________________________________________________________

Sympy [F]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{\sqrt{- c \left (-1 + \frac{1}{a x}\right ) \left (1 + \frac{1}{a x}\right )} \left (a x - 1\right )}{x^{3} \left (a x + 1\right )}\, dx \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((c-c/a**2/x**2)**(1/2)*(a*x-1)/(a*x+1)/x**3,x)

[Out]

Integral(sqrt(-c*(-1 + 1/(a*x))*(1 + 1/(a*x)))*(a*x - 1)/(x**3*(a*x + 1)), x)

________________________________________________________________________________________

Giac [A]  time = 1.89716, size = 312, normalized size = 2.23 \begin{align*} -\frac{2}{3} \,{\left (3 \, a \sqrt{c} \arctan \left (-\frac{\sqrt{a^{2} c} x - \sqrt{a^{2} c x^{2} - c}}{\sqrt{c}}\right ) \mathrm{sgn}\left (x\right ) - \frac{3 \,{\left (\sqrt{a^{2} c} x - \sqrt{a^{2} c x^{2} - c}\right )}^{5} a c \mathrm{sgn}\left (x\right ) + 3 \,{\left (\sqrt{a^{2} c} x - \sqrt{a^{2} c x^{2} - c}\right )}^{4} c^{\frac{3}{2}}{\left | a \right |} \mathrm{sgn}\left (x\right ) + 12 \,{\left (\sqrt{a^{2} c} x - \sqrt{a^{2} c x^{2} - c}\right )}^{2} c^{\frac{5}{2}}{\left | a \right |} \mathrm{sgn}\left (x\right ) - 3 \,{\left (\sqrt{a^{2} c} x - \sqrt{a^{2} c x^{2} - c}\right )} a c^{3} \mathrm{sgn}\left (x\right ) + 5 \, c^{\frac{7}{2}}{\left | a \right |} \mathrm{sgn}\left (x\right )}{{\left ({\left (\sqrt{a^{2} c} x - \sqrt{a^{2} c x^{2} - c}\right )}^{2} + c\right )}^{3}}\right )}{\left | a \right |} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((c-c/a^2/x^2)^(1/2)*(a*x-1)/(a*x+1)/x^3,x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

-2/3*(3*a*sqrt(c)*arctan(-(sqrt(a^2*c)*x - sqrt(a^2*c*x^2 - c))/sqrt(c))*sgn(x) - (3*(sqrt(a^2*c)*x - sqrt(a^2
*c*x^2 - c))^5*a*c*sgn(x) + 3*(sqrt(a^2*c)*x - sqrt(a^2*c*x^2 - c))^4*c^(3/2)*abs(a)*sgn(x) + 12*(sqrt(a^2*c)*
x - sqrt(a^2*c*x^2 - c))^2*c^(5/2)*abs(a)*sgn(x) - 3*(sqrt(a^2*c)*x - sqrt(a^2*c*x^2 - c))*a*c^3*sgn(x) + 5*c^
(7/2)*abs(a)*sgn(x))/((sqrt(a^2*c)*x - sqrt(a^2*c*x^2 - c))^2 + c)^3)*abs(a)