3.33 \(\int e^{-\coth ^{-1}(a x)} x^3 \, dx\)

Optimal. Leaf size=114 \[ \frac{1}{4} x^4 \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}}-\frac{x^3 \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}}}{3 a}+\frac{3 x^2 \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}}}{8 a^2}-\frac{2 x \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}}}{3 a^3}+\frac{3 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}}\right )}{8 a^4} \]

[Out]

(-2*Sqrt[1 - 1/(a^2*x^2)]*x)/(3*a^3) + (3*Sqrt[1 - 1/(a^2*x^2)]*x^2)/(8*a^2) - (Sqrt[1 - 1/(a^2*x^2)]*x^3)/(3*
a) + (Sqrt[1 - 1/(a^2*x^2)]*x^4)/4 + (3*ArcTanh[Sqrt[1 - 1/(a^2*x^2)]])/(8*a^4)

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Rubi [A]  time = 0.127282, antiderivative size = 114, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 8, number of rules used = 6, integrand size = 12, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.5, Rules used = {6169, 835, 807, 266, 63, 208} \[ \frac{1}{4} x^4 \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}}-\frac{x^3 \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}}}{3 a}+\frac{3 x^2 \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}}}{8 a^2}-\frac{2 x \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}}}{3 a^3}+\frac{3 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}}\right )}{8 a^4} \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[x^3/E^ArcCoth[a*x],x]

[Out]

(-2*Sqrt[1 - 1/(a^2*x^2)]*x)/(3*a^3) + (3*Sqrt[1 - 1/(a^2*x^2)]*x^2)/(8*a^2) - (Sqrt[1 - 1/(a^2*x^2)]*x^3)/(3*
a) + (Sqrt[1 - 1/(a^2*x^2)]*x^4)/4 + (3*ArcTanh[Sqrt[1 - 1/(a^2*x^2)]])/(8*a^4)

Rule 6169

Int[E^(ArcCoth[(a_.)*(x_)]*(n_.))*(x_)^(m_.), x_Symbol] :> -Subst[Int[(1 + x/a)^((n + 1)/2)/(x^(m + 2)*(1 - x/
a)^((n - 1)/2)*Sqrt[1 - x^2/a^2]), x], x, 1/x] /; FreeQ[a, x] && IntegerQ[(n - 1)/2] && IntegerQ[m]

Rule 835

Int[((d_.) + (e_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((f_.) + (g_.)*(x_))*((a_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_.), x_Symbol] :> Simp[((e*f - d*g)
*(d + e*x)^(m + 1)*(a + c*x^2)^(p + 1))/((m + 1)*(c*d^2 + a*e^2)), x] + Dist[1/((m + 1)*(c*d^2 + a*e^2)), Int[
(d + e*x)^(m + 1)*(a + c*x^2)^p*Simp[(c*d*f + a*e*g)*(m + 1) - c*(e*f - d*g)*(m + 2*p + 3)*x, x], x], x] /; Fr
eeQ[{a, c, d, e, f, g, p}, x] && NeQ[c*d^2 + a*e^2, 0] && LtQ[m, -1] && (IntegerQ[m] || IntegerQ[p] || Integer
sQ[2*m, 2*p])

Rule 807

Int[((d_.) + (e_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((f_.) + (g_.)*(x_))*((a_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_.), x_Symbol] :> -Simp[((e*f - d*g
)*(d + e*x)^(m + 1)*(a + c*x^2)^(p + 1))/(2*(p + 1)*(c*d^2 + a*e^2)), x] + Dist[(c*d*f + a*e*g)/(c*d^2 + a*e^2
), Int[(d + e*x)^(m + 1)*(a + c*x^2)^p, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, c, d, e, f, g, m, p}, x] && NeQ[c*d^2 + a*e^2, 0]
&& EqQ[Simplify[m + 2*p + 3], 0]

Rule 266

Int[(x_)^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Dist[1/n, Subst[Int[x^(Simplify[(m + 1)/n] - 1)*(a
+ b*x)^p, x], x, x^n], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, m, n, p}, x] && IntegerQ[Simplify[(m + 1)/n]]

Rule 63

Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*(x_))^(n_), x_Symbol] :> With[{p = Denominator[m]}, Dist[p/b, Sub
st[Int[x^(p*(m + 1) - 1)*(c - (a*d)/b + (d*x^p)/b)^n, x], x, (a + b*x)^(1/p)], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] &
& NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && LtQ[-1, m, 0] && LeQ[-1, n, 0] && LeQ[Denominator[n], Denominator[m]] && IntLinearQ[a,
b, c, d, m, n, x]

Rule 208

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Rt[-(a/b), 2]*ArcTanh[x/Rt[-(a/b), 2]])/a, x] /; FreeQ[{a,
b}, x] && NegQ[a/b]

Rubi steps

\begin{align*} \int e^{-\coth ^{-1}(a x)} x^3 \, dx &=-\operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1-\frac{x}{a}}{x^5 \sqrt{1-\frac{x^2}{a^2}}} \, dx,x,\frac{1}{x}\right )\\ &=\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^4+\frac{1}{4} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{\frac{4}{a}-\frac{3 x}{a^2}}{x^4 \sqrt{1-\frac{x^2}{a^2}}} \, dx,x,\frac{1}{x}\right )\\ &=-\frac{\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^3}{3 a}+\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^4-\frac{1}{12} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{\frac{9}{a^2}-\frac{8 x}{a^3}}{x^3 \sqrt{1-\frac{x^2}{a^2}}} \, dx,x,\frac{1}{x}\right )\\ &=\frac{3 \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^2}{8 a^2}-\frac{\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^3}{3 a}+\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^4+\frac{1}{24} \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{\frac{16}{a^3}-\frac{9 x}{a^4}}{x^2 \sqrt{1-\frac{x^2}{a^2}}} \, dx,x,\frac{1}{x}\right )\\ &=-\frac{2 \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x}{3 a^3}+\frac{3 \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^2}{8 a^2}-\frac{\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^3}{3 a}+\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^4-\frac{3 \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{x \sqrt{1-\frac{x^2}{a^2}}} \, dx,x,\frac{1}{x}\right )}{8 a^4}\\ &=-\frac{2 \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x}{3 a^3}+\frac{3 \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^2}{8 a^2}-\frac{\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^3}{3 a}+\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^4-\frac{3 \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{x \sqrt{1-\frac{x}{a^2}}} \, dx,x,\frac{1}{x^2}\right )}{16 a^4}\\ &=-\frac{2 \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x}{3 a^3}+\frac{3 \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^2}{8 a^2}-\frac{\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^3}{3 a}+\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^4+\frac{3 \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{a^2-a^2 x^2} \, dx,x,\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}}\right )}{8 a^2}\\ &=-\frac{2 \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x}{3 a^3}+\frac{3 \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^2}{8 a^2}-\frac{\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^3}{3 a}+\frac{1}{4} \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} x^4+\frac{3 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}}\right )}{8 a^4}\\ \end{align*}

Mathematica [A]  time = 0.0665498, size = 68, normalized size = 0.6 \[ \frac{a x \sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}} \left (6 a^3 x^3-8 a^2 x^2+9 a x-16\right )+9 \log \left (x \left (\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{a^2 x^2}}+1\right )\right )}{24 a^4} \]

Warning: Unable to verify antiderivative.

[In]

Integrate[x^3/E^ArcCoth[a*x],x]

[Out]

(a*Sqrt[1 - 1/(a^2*x^2)]*x*(-16 + 9*a*x - 8*a^2*x^2 + 6*a^3*x^3) + 9*Log[(1 + Sqrt[1 - 1/(a^2*x^2)])*x])/(24*a
^4)

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Maple [B]  time = 0.125, size = 193, normalized size = 1.7 \begin{align*}{\frac{ax+1}{24\,{a}^{4}}\sqrt{{\frac{ax-1}{ax+1}}} \left ( 6\,\sqrt{{a}^{2}} \left ({a}^{2}{x}^{2}-1 \right ) ^{3/2}xa+15\,\sqrt{{a}^{2}}\sqrt{{a}^{2}{x}^{2}-1}xa-8\, \left ( \left ( ax-1 \right ) \left ( ax+1 \right ) \right ) ^{3/2}\sqrt{{a}^{2}}-15\,\ln \left ({\frac{{a}^{2}x+\sqrt{{a}^{2}{x}^{2}-1}\sqrt{{a}^{2}}}{\sqrt{{a}^{2}}}} \right ) a+24\,a\ln \left ({\frac{{a}^{2}x+\sqrt{{a}^{2}}\sqrt{ \left ( ax-1 \right ) \left ( ax+1 \right ) }}{\sqrt{{a}^{2}}}} \right ) -24\,\sqrt{{a}^{2}}\sqrt{ \left ( ax-1 \right ) \left ( ax+1 \right ) } \right ){\frac{1}{\sqrt{{a}^{2}}}}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{ \left ( ax-1 \right ) \left ( ax+1 \right ) }}}} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(x^3*((a*x-1)/(a*x+1))^(1/2),x)

[Out]

1/24*((a*x-1)/(a*x+1))^(1/2)*(a*x+1)*(6*(a^2)^(1/2)*(a^2*x^2-1)^(3/2)*x*a+15*(a^2)^(1/2)*(a^2*x^2-1)^(1/2)*x*a
-8*((a*x-1)*(a*x+1))^(3/2)*(a^2)^(1/2)-15*ln((a^2*x+(a^2*x^2-1)^(1/2)*(a^2)^(1/2))/(a^2)^(1/2))*a+24*a*ln((a^2
*x+(a^2)^(1/2)*((a*x-1)*(a*x+1))^(1/2))/(a^2)^(1/2))-24*(a^2)^(1/2)*((a*x-1)*(a*x+1))^(1/2))/((a*x-1)*(a*x+1))
^(1/2)/a^4/(a^2)^(1/2)

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Maxima [B]  time = 1.05245, size = 274, normalized size = 2.4 \begin{align*} -\frac{1}{24} \, a{\left (\frac{2 \,{\left (39 \, \left (\frac{a x - 1}{a x + 1}\right )^{\frac{7}{2}} - 31 \, \left (\frac{a x - 1}{a x + 1}\right )^{\frac{5}{2}} + 49 \, \left (\frac{a x - 1}{a x + 1}\right )^{\frac{3}{2}} - 9 \, \sqrt{\frac{a x - 1}{a x + 1}}\right )}}{\frac{4 \,{\left (a x - 1\right )} a^{5}}{a x + 1} - \frac{6 \,{\left (a x - 1\right )}^{2} a^{5}}{{\left (a x + 1\right )}^{2}} + \frac{4 \,{\left (a x - 1\right )}^{3} a^{5}}{{\left (a x + 1\right )}^{3}} - \frac{{\left (a x - 1\right )}^{4} a^{5}}{{\left (a x + 1\right )}^{4}} - a^{5}} - \frac{9 \, \log \left (\sqrt{\frac{a x - 1}{a x + 1}} + 1\right )}{a^{5}} + \frac{9 \, \log \left (\sqrt{\frac{a x - 1}{a x + 1}} - 1\right )}{a^{5}}\right )} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x^3*((a*x-1)/(a*x+1))^(1/2),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

-1/24*a*(2*(39*((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1))^(7/2) - 31*((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1))^(5/2) + 49*((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1))^(3/2) -
9*sqrt((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1)))/(4*(a*x - 1)*a^5/(a*x + 1) - 6*(a*x - 1)^2*a^5/(a*x + 1)^2 + 4*(a*x - 1)^3*a^5/(
a*x + 1)^3 - (a*x - 1)^4*a^5/(a*x + 1)^4 - a^5) - 9*log(sqrt((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1)) + 1)/a^5 + 9*log(sqrt((a*x -
1)/(a*x + 1)) - 1)/a^5)

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Fricas [A]  time = 1.96291, size = 220, normalized size = 1.93 \begin{align*} \frac{{\left (6 \, a^{4} x^{4} - 2 \, a^{3} x^{3} + a^{2} x^{2} - 7 \, a x - 16\right )} \sqrt{\frac{a x - 1}{a x + 1}} + 9 \, \log \left (\sqrt{\frac{a x - 1}{a x + 1}} + 1\right ) - 9 \, \log \left (\sqrt{\frac{a x - 1}{a x + 1}} - 1\right )}{24 \, a^{4}} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x^3*((a*x-1)/(a*x+1))^(1/2),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

1/24*((6*a^4*x^4 - 2*a^3*x^3 + a^2*x^2 - 7*a*x - 16)*sqrt((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1)) + 9*log(sqrt((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1
)) + 1) - 9*log(sqrt((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1)) - 1))/a^4

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Sympy [F]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int x^{3} \sqrt{\frac{a x - 1}{a x + 1}}\, dx \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x**3*((a*x-1)/(a*x+1))**(1/2),x)

[Out]

Integral(x**3*sqrt((a*x - 1)/(a*x + 1)), x)

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Giac [A]  time = 1.16011, size = 136, normalized size = 1.19 \begin{align*} \frac{1}{24} \, \sqrt{a^{2} x^{2} - 1}{\left ({\left (2 \, x{\left (\frac{3 \, x \mathrm{sgn}\left (a x + 1\right )}{a} - \frac{4 \, \mathrm{sgn}\left (a x + 1\right )}{a^{2}}\right )} + \frac{9 \, \mathrm{sgn}\left (a x + 1\right )}{a^{3}}\right )} x - \frac{16 \, \mathrm{sgn}\left (a x + 1\right )}{a^{4}}\right )} - \frac{3 \, \log \left ({\left | -x{\left | a \right |} + \sqrt{a^{2} x^{2} - 1} \right |}\right ) \mathrm{sgn}\left (a x + 1\right )}{8 \, a^{3}{\left | a \right |}} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x^3*((a*x-1)/(a*x+1))^(1/2),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

1/24*sqrt(a^2*x^2 - 1)*((2*x*(3*x*sgn(a*x + 1)/a - 4*sgn(a*x + 1)/a^2) + 9*sgn(a*x + 1)/a^3)*x - 16*sgn(a*x +
1)/a^4) - 3/8*log(abs(-x*abs(a) + sqrt(a^2*x^2 - 1)))*sgn(a*x + 1)/(a^3*abs(a))